Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is a commonly used medication for its immunosuppressive and dermatologic effects. It has known ocular side effects, which include retinopathy, corneal deposits, choroidal thinning. Herein, we report the first case of HCQ-induced hyperpigmentation sclera. A 75-year-old female presented after 10 months gradual progression painless blue-gray discoloration bilateral sclera,...

elicited in both families as complete family history was not available, but a strong familial tendency of the disease was suggested. The cardinal triad (blue sclera, deafness and brittle bones) was not seen in all cases, while the blue sclera was reported as consistent finding. The combination of blue sclera and fracture was more common as compared to deafness. Among the 7 cases reported, 2 fit...

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a genetically heterogeneous group of disorders, characterized by abnormal bone fragility, blue sclera, deafness, joint laxity, and soft-tissue dysplasia. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the genetic or molecular basis for OI type IA in a Chinese family. We evaluated the members of a family, in which six individuals are affected with increased bone fragi...

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) comprises a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by susceptibility to bone fractures ranging in severity from perinatal death to a subtle increase in fracture frequency. We report the case of a patient who appeared healthy at birth and did not experience any fractures until 12 months of age. We observed blue sclera, frequent fractures without commensurate ...

come clinically visible, resulting in the blue appearance of the sclera. We report the treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in 4 eyes of 3 patients with OI. Scleral buckling surgery, pneumatic retinopexy, and primary vitrectomy are the standards for repair of uncomplicated rhegmatogenous retinal detachments. In patients with OI, however, the thin sclera provides an increased risk of s...

A syndrome of red hair, blue sclera, and brittle cornea with recurrent spontaneous perforations is presented in 2 siblings of a Tunisian Jewish family. The genetic transmission of this disorder is autosomal recessive. This is the second description of this syndrome, which should be called the 'brittle cornea syndrome'. This syndrome has so far been reported only in Tunisian Jewish families.

Purpose Scleral cross-linking (SXL) with a photosensitizer and light is a potential strategy to mechanically reinforce the sclera and prevent progressive axial elongation responsible for severe myopia. Current approaches for light delivery to the sclera are cumbersome, do not provide uniform illumination, and only treat a limited area of sclera. To overcome these challenges, we developed flexib...

The distribution of proteoglycans and their association with collagen fibrils were studied in human and rabbit sclera following fixation of tissue in glutaraldehyde containing Cuprolinic Blue, a specific stain for proteoglycans when used in the presence of critical concentrations of electrolytes. Proteoglycans were visualized by electron microscopy as fine filaments, approximately 54 nm in leng...