background & importance: insular lobe is located at the depth of sylvian fissure and is hidden by frontal, temporal and parietal lobes in close vicinity of internal capsule and basal ganglia and adjacent to the speech centers in the dominant hemisphere. thus, radical resection of insular gliomas can be even more difficult. brain mapping techniques can be used to maximize the extent of tumor rem...

background:  assessment  of quality-of-life (qof) as  an outcome   measure   after  deep   brain  stimulation   (dbs) surgery in patients  with parkinson’s disease  (pd) need  a valid, reliable and responsive  instrument. the aim of the current   study   was   to   determine   responsiveness   of validated  persian  version  of pd questionnaire  with  39- items (pdq-39) after dbs surgery in pat...

background and purpose: multiple sclerosis (ms) is a chronic disease that gives rise to a number of unpleasant symptoms that can be difficult to manage by conventional means. there are some aspects of ms-related disability which can be improved by using deep brain stimulation (dbs); particularly movement disorders, such as tremor. the research aim is to study the effect of dbs on ms tremor with...

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the technology of neural stimulation in recent years has become the focus of the research and treatment, although it has been around for many years. the potential use of stimulating the brain and nerves ranges from the spinal cord stimulation to the implantations of cochlear and bionic eyes with a large discrepancy between the clinical readiness for these various uses. electrical high-frequency...

Purpose: Neuroscience studies suggest that Chronic Low Back Pain (CLBP) is associated with central sensitization, and maladaptive reorganization of the brain; this introduced a new target for LBP treatment. Studies revealed that cortical and peripheral electrical stimulation can be beneficial in regulating brain neuronal activity. However, there is a scarcity of evidence to support the effects ...

A patient with epilepsy was shown to have neurobiological, psychological, cognitive, and social issues as a result of recurring seizures, which is regarded to be a chronic brain disease.However, despite numerous drug treatments, approximately, 30–40% of all patients are resistant to antiepileptic drugs. Therefore, newer therapeutic modalities are introduced into clinical practice in which invol...