polyhydroxyalkanoates (phas) are bioplastics derived from renewable resources such as vegetable oils, corn starch, or microbes. the polyhydroxybutyrate (phb) is a short-chain-length pha, and the most important bioplastic produced by certain microorganisms in the presence of excess carbon sources. in this study batch cultivation of alcaligenes eutrophus with the aim of increasing phb production ...

Carbon]carbon bond formation is the essence of organic synthesis and the reductive dimerization of carbonyl derivatives is a most valuable method for establishing carbon]carbon bonds. Since the time Kagan demonstrated a simple preparation of samarium diiodide from samarium metal and 1,2-diiodoethane, SmI2 has been developed as a mild, neutral and versatile single electron transfer reductant. It...

ÐKnoevenagel condensation between 3-nitro-2-pyridinecarbaldehyde and diethyl malonate catalyzed by titanium(IV) chloride gave diethyl 3-nitro-2-pyridylidenemalonate which was oxidized with peracetic acid to give corresponding 1-oxide. Reaction of the latter with diethylamine in the presence of primary and secondary alcohols resulted in the reduction of the nitro group and the oxidation of the v...

Yarrowia lipolytica NCIM 3589, a tropical marine degrader of hydrocarbons and triglycerides transformed 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) very efficiently. Though this yeast could not utilize TNT as the sole carbon or nitrogen source, it was capable of reducing the nitro groups in TNT to aminodinitrotoluene (ADNT). In a complete medium containing glucose and ammonium sulphate as the available carbon ...

Effects of different carbon sources on growth and production of antifungal agent(s) by Gymnopilus spectabilis were investigated. Different carbon sources including; Glucose, fructose, lactose, maltose, manitol and sucrose at the concentration of 10 g/l and slow releasing carbon sources including malt extract and soluble starch at the concentration of 2g/l were used. Inhibition of spore germinat...

Efficient kinetic resolution of racemic 3-nitro-2H-chromenes by bifunctional thiourea afforded optically active (R)-3-nitro-2H-chromene derivatives with moderate to good enantioselectivities, which simultaneously gave the multifunctional 3,4-diphenyl-3a-nitrobenzopyrano-[3,4-c]-pyrrolidine-1,1-dicarboxylate derivatives with four vicinal chiral carbon centers.

Effects of different carbon sources on growth and production of antifungal agent(s) by Gymnopilus spectabilis were investigated. Different carbon sources including; Glucose, fructose, lactose, maltose, manitol and sucrose at the concentration of 10 g/l and slow releasing carbon sources including malt extract and soluble starch at the concentration of 2g/l were used. Inhibition of spore germinat...

A novel synthesis of Iimidazo[1,2-c]quinazoline-5(6H)-thione framework was developed through a three-step reaction starting from benzil. The resulting (2-nitrophenyl)-4,5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole  from the reaction of benzil and different 2-nitrobenzaldehyde, reduction of nitro group and then cyclization reaction with carbon disulfide (CS2). All steps were carried out under easy and user-friendly ...

Many microbes reduce the nitro substituents of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), producing aminodinitrotoluenes (ADNTs). These compounds are recalcitrant to further breakdown and are acutely toxic. In a search for organisms capable of metabolizing ADNTs, a bacterial strain was isolated for the ability to use 2-aminobenzoate (anthranilate) as sole C-source. This isolate, Pseudomonas aeruginosa MAO1, ...

The title compound, C(26)H(34)NSi(2) (+)·Cl(-), shows chirality at silicon. Because of its highly selective synthesis with an e.r. of >99:1 by means of a racemic resolution with mandelic acid, the free disilane is of great importance to the chemistry of highly enanti-omerically enriched lithio-silanes and their trapping products. N-H⋯Cl hydrogen bonding is present between the protonated nitro-g...