xanthan gum is an extracellular polysaccharide produced by various xanthomonas species such as x. campestris . the objective of present study was to investigate the influence of different carbon and nitrogen sources on xanthan gum production by x. campestris . using an experimental response surface methodology (rsm) complemented with a central composite design (ccd), the impact of peptone, lact...

Reaction of the diethyl 2-nitro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzylidenemalonate with diethylamine in alcohols resulted in the reduction of the nitro group and the oxidation of the vinylic carbon attached to the phenyl ring. Simultaneous migration of the malonic fragment gave the appropriate 2-amino-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoate esters. The presence of at least two nitro groups, or one nitro group and trif...

The Old Yellow Enzyme has been shown to catalyze efficiently the NADPH-linked reduction of nitro-olefins. The reduction of the nitro-olefin proceeds in a stepwise fashion, with formation of a nitronate intermediate that is freely dissociable from the enzyme. The first step involves hydride transfer from the enzyme-reduced flavin to carbon 2 of the nitro-olefin. The protonation of the nitronate ...

Since FOX-7 (1, 1-diamino-2, 2-dinitroethylene) is a relatively new energetic material, little is known about its physical and chemical properties. Therefore, first-principles quantum chemical calculations are used to predict the energies of atoms of FOX-7. Under gentle heating (thermolysis) is likely to cause hydrogen transfer between molecules, producing highly reactive chemical species. Conv...

The ring system in the title compound, C(14)H(4)N(4)O(12), is essentially planar (r.m.s. deviation of the carbon atoms = 0.085 Å); the two hydr-oxy groups form intra-molecular hydrogen bonds to the same carbonyl O atom. The nitro groups are twisted with respect to the mean plane of the ring system by 74.3 (1) (1-nitro), 42.3 (3) (3-nitro), 45.7 (3) (6-nitro) and 66.9 (1)° (8-nitro).

The bacterial strain RB1 has been isolated by enrichment cultivation with 2,4-dinitrophenol as the sole nitrogen, carbon, and energy source and characterized, on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison, as a Rhodococcus species closely related to Rhodococcus opacus. Rhodococcus sp. strain RB1 degrades 2,4-dinitrophenol, releasing the two nitro groups from the compound as nitrite. The rel...

effects of different carbon sources on growth and production of antifungal agent(s) by gymnopilus spectabilis were investigated. different carbon sources including; glucose, fructose, lactose, maltose, manitol and sucrose at the concentration of 10 g/l and slow releasing carbon sources including malt extract and soluble starch at the concentration of 2g/l were used. inhibition of spore germinat...