The stability of the inter-firm wage structure across occupations is analysed. Employers define clusters of occupations to whom they apply a similar pay standard. These links between occupations are especially strong at the bottom of the qualification and wage ladders.  2000 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved.

This brief discusses the policy implications of a research study commissioned by Health Workforce Australia (HWA) within its health workforce innovation and reform work program. The project explored conceptually complex and operationally problematic concepts related to developing a whole-of-workforce competency-based education and training and competency-based career framework for the Australia...

In this letter we extend the nonlinear σ model describing pure spin ladders with an arbitrary number of legs to the case of ladders containing a single static hole. A simple immediate application of this approach to classical ladders is worked out. PACS numbers: 75.50.Ee; 75.10.Jm; 75.10.Hk; 75.30.Ds

Over the last 20 years the increasing availability, utility, and importance of geospatial data has led to new kinds of positions in government agencies, non-profit organizations and private businesses. While employment opportunities have grown substantially, guidelines for assigning titles, qualifications and responsibilities have not kept pace. Inconsistency in GIScience titles and job qualifi...

The track record in paying for performance in education is not good; nevertheless, emphasis on accountability and performance has gained momentum in the last 25 years. This emphasis includes systems of merit pay, career ladders, and national board certification. The general failures of these efforts have led some reformers to suggest that teacher pay be directly related to student value-added p...

Implementation of a fair compensation policy for employees in a large organisation necessitates the categorisation of all employees into pay bands or levels. The authors conducted a qualitative multiple-case study of various operating units within the same organisation employing multiple sources of evidence to determine an optimal way of recognising and rewarding the career growth of project ma...

Modern biological tools of recombinant technology have tremendous potential to characterize DNA molecules with the choice of DNA ladders. Determination of molecular weight of linear and double stranded DNA fragments either on agarose or polyacrylamide gel is done extensively with the DNA ladders. The most popular DNA ladders available in the market range from less than 25bp to 40 kb or more. Am...

In this paper we prove that the basis number of the strong product of paths with ladders, circular ladders and möbius ladders is less than or equal to 4. However, applying a theorem of Jaradat [10], which gives a general upper bound of the strong product of a bipartite graphs with general graphs, we find that the basis number of these graphs is less than or equal to 5. Mathematics Subject Class...

The well known Haldane map from spin chains into the O(3) non linear sigma model is generalized to the case of spin ladders. This map allows us to explain the different qualitative behaviour between even and odd ladders, exactly in the same way it explains the difference between integer and half-integer spin chains. Namely, for even ladders the topological term in the sigma model action is abse...