Diabetes is a systematic metabolic disease, which often develops a number of well-recognized vascular complications including brain complications which may partly result from the dysfunction of blood-brain barrier (BBB). BBB is generally considered as a mechanism for protecting the brain from unwanted actions resulting from substances in the blood and maintaining brain homeostasis via monitorin...

BACKGROUND Duchenne muscular dystrophy caused by a mutation in the X-linked dystrophin gene induces metabolic and structural disorders in the brain. A lack of dystrophin in brain structures is involved in impaired cognitive function. Prosaposin (PS), a neurotrophic factor, is abundant in the choroid plexus and various brain regions. We investigated whether PS serves as a link between dystrophin...

Introduction . Kidney and pancreas transplantation is a surgical method for the treatment of patients with diabetes mellitus terminal diabetic nephropathy. While waiting treatment, potential recipients receive maintenance hemodialysis. Dialysis initiates loss body fluid, which in turn can affect state intraocular structures. Aim To study effect long-term hemodialysis therapy on ophthalmic param...

Meningitis is an inflammation of the membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord, thereby involving the arachnoid, the pia and the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). It is divided into viral and bacterial meningitis. For different reasons the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis is very important. The examination of CSF samples may provide information about causative microorganism. The sensivity of ...

Objective Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), its secretion, circulation and absorption have been the subject of recent researches. There is a general agreement that the main site of CSF secretion is in the choroids plexus. However, the main absorption site is controversial. Some believe that arachnoid granulations are the principle sites of CSF absorption. In this study, different locations of CSF abs...

objective cerebrospinal fluid (csf), its secretion, circulation and absorption have been the subject of recent researches. there is a general agreement that the main site of csf secretion is in the choroids plexus. however, the main absorption site is controversial. some believe that arachnoid granulations are the principle sites of csf absorption. in this study, different locations of csf abso...

Immunocytochemical methods with antibodies to the light (68 kDa), medium (160 kDa), and heavy (200 kDa) chain subunits of the neurofilament triplet have been used to visualize neuronal structures in rabbit choroids. Choroidal nerve fibers were present in the suprachoroid and vascular laminae and absent in the choriocapillary layer. These fibers may be classified as perivascular and intervascula...

AbstractBackgroundline of treatment for management of hydrocephalus despite available new techniques andsystems of shunting. Associated complications should be recognized and managed properly,but the most recognized complications are shunt obstruction which its prevalencethrough surgical approach is discussed here. Two approaches (frontal and parietal) are usedto insert ventriculoperitoneal shu...