The CDKN2A gene has been implicated in cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) in about 40% of families with linkage to chromosome 9p21, while a small proportion of families have mutations in the CDK4 gene. In order to estimate the importance of these genes in the predisposition to CMM in Spanish families and patients we have analysed, by SSCA, a total of 56 subjects belonging to 34 CMM families, an...

Cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) is a neoplasm which has always evoked scientific interest out of proportion to its frequency. Over the past decades, CMM has shown the most rapidly increasing neoplasm in yearly incidence. Such increased incidence outweighed the moderate improvements in therapy, causing a global increase in mortality. The disease progresses from the primary CMM (stages I and I...

Many primary care providers advise patients to use sunscreen as a means to reduce their risk for skin cancer, especially cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM). Despite the availability and promotion of sunscreen for decades, the incidence of CMM continues to increase in the U.S. at a rate of 3% per year. There currently is little evidence that sunscreens are protective against CMM. A number of stu...

For several decades the incidence of cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) steadily increased in fair-skinned, indoor-working people around the world. Scientists think poor tanning ability resulting in sunburns initiate CMM, but they do not understand why the incidence continues to increase despite the increased use of sunscreens and formulations offering more protection. This paradox, along with ...

BACKGROUND Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure is the main risk factor for cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM), but its specific effect in infancy is unknown. We examined whether season of birth, a proxy for solar UVR exposure in the first few months of life, is associated with CMM in childhood through young adulthood. METHODS National cohort study of 3,571,574 persons born in Sweden in 1973-...

There are a large number of software organizations that have been certified under ISO9000. Many of these now want to move to the Capability Maturity Model (CMM). This article discusses the possible gaps in the processes of an ISO organization with respect to the CMM, and how an organization can move from ISO to higher levels of the CMM. It is based on our experience of successfully transitionin...

Biogeography-based optimization (BBO) is a new evolutionary algorithm. The major problem of basic BBO is that its migration operator is rotationally variant, which leaves BBO performing poorly in non-separable problems. To overcome this drawback of BBO, in this paper, we propose the covariance matrix based migration (CMM) to relieve BBO’s dependence upon the coordinate system so that BBO’s rota...

Mutations in Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A) and Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4 (CDK4) contribute to susceptibility in approximately 40% of high-density cutaneous melanoma (CMM) families and about 2% of unselected CMM cases. BRCA-1 associated protein-1 (BAP1) has been more recently shown to predispose to CMM and uveal melanoma (UMM) in some families; however, its contribution to CMM de...

AcceleratedSAP is a methodology developed for cost-effective SAP R/3 installation. Numerous project managers have adopted AcceleratedSAP for SAP implementation in a range of industries around the world. The Capability Maturity Model (CMM) is, similarly, a software model that improves software processes in software organizations so that software projects run successfully and deliver quality prod...