The current study evaluates the performance of a pilot scale fed batch reactor (FBR), fo llowed by coagulation and sand filtration, for the treatment of an oil refinery wastewater. The total reductions in COD, BOD, oil contents and phenol were 95.11%, 94.30%, 99.47% and 100%, respectively, with FBR followed by coagulation and sand filtration. This FBR-coagulation-sand filtration treatment syste...

In this paper coarse media filtration has been analysed as an alternative to the traditional settling in primary, secondary and tertiary treatment of wastewater. Various filter media configurations were evaluated for enhanced primary filtration. It was found that a dual media configuration based on Kaldnes biofilm media (1 and K2modified) were most suitable when taking both separation efficienc...

Abstract Soil functions such as water storage, soil filtration, and reducing reservoir life due to sediment load are directly affected by the process of “soil erosion.” The Universal Loss Equation was adopted predict erodibility factor for watersheds feeding Al-Shewicha trough. K -average factor’s determined value 0.156, indicating that -factor had substantial variability. values linked high sa...

We present a continuous model capable of demonstrating some salient features of aeolian sand ripples: the realistic asymmetric ripple shape, coarsening of the ripple field at the nonlinear stage of ripple growth, saturation of ripple growth for homogeneous sand, typical size segregation of sand, and formation of armoring layers of coarse particles on ripple crests and windward slopes if the san...

Escherichia Coli is the ubiquitous microorganism contaminating the drinking water. This study is using granular bed filtration as a vigorous, simple and economical method to prevent the penetration of bacterial contamination, by discovering an alternative filter media from local source namely the burnt oil palm shell (BOPS). The result indicated that dual media BOPS/sand were higher reduction a...

Abstract The occurrence of fingered preferential flow depends on both flow and porous media characteristics. The boundary condition of unsaturated infiltration has been investigated to assess whether it produces unstable wetting in homogeneous coarse sands. Laboratory tracer experiments were conducted in two coarse sand materials; for each sand material two initial conditions of air dry and fie...

Population increase of Pratylenchus hexincisus on corn was tested over 3 months at 15, 20, 25, and 30 C in Marshall silt loam, Clarion silt loam, Buckner coarse sand, and Haig silty clay loam soils. The optimum temperature for increase was 30 C in all soils. The nematode population was significantly larger in Buckner coarse sand than in other soil types at 50 C. The recovered P. hexincisus popu...