Cobalt can mimic hypoxia and has been implicated as a cause of lung defects. However, the effect of cobalt on airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells has not been analyzed in detail. In this article, we use primary cultures of ASM cells from rabbit trachea and show that exposure to cobalt chloride causes a rapid increase of the intracellular levels of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha, which is detected...

In order to optimize preparations of bee metaphases, we tested cobalt chloride, which has been used as a metaphase inducer in other organisms, such as hamsters and fish. Four microliters of 65 mM cobalt chloride aqueous solution was topically applied to larval and pupal stages of the stingless bee Melipona scutellaris. The cerebral ganglion was removed after treatment and prepared for cytogenet...

Cobalt chloride administration to rats stimulates erythropoesis but inhibits the synthesis of hepatic microsomal P-450 and ethylmorphine N-dealkylase activity by hepatic microsomes. No effect on NADPHcytochrome c reductase activity was observed. Phenobarbital induction of P-450 and ethylmorphine N-demethylation are prevented by simultaneous administration of cobalt chloride but phenobarbital in...

The complex formation between cobalt(II) and chloride ions in molten NH4NO3·2.61H2O, NH4NO3·CH3CONH2·1.61H2O and NH4NO3·2.61CH3CONH2 has been investigated. Absorption spectra of cobalt(II) chloride containing variable amounts of ammonium chloride were recorded at 45 to 60 ◦C. In the absence of chloride, the solutions show spectra typical for octahedral co-ordination of cobalt(II). Addition of c...

Erythropoietin (€PO) gene transcription is activated in kidney cells in vivo and in Hep3B cells exposed to hypoxia or cobalt chloride. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) is a nuclear factor that binds to the hypoxia-inducible enhancer of the €PO gene at a site that is required for transcriptional activation. HIF-1 DNA-binding activity is induced by hypoxia or cobalt chloride treatment of Hep3B ...

Some of the component metals of the alloys used for total joint prostheses are toxic and dissolve in the body fluids. It is important to establish how toxic these metals are and to assess the risk of localised tissue necrosis around the prostheses. This has been investigated by incubating primary monolayer cultures of human synovial fibroblasts with various preparations of metals for periods up...

The correlation of ATP citrate lyase (ACL) and acetyl CoA levels with trichothecene production in Fusarium graminearum was investigated using an inhibitor (precocene II) and an enhancer (cobalt chloride) of trichothecene production by changing carbon sources in liquid medium. When precocene II (30 µM) was added to inhibit trichothecene production in a trichothecene high-production medium contai...

Individual neurons can be marked by injection through a microelectrode of the fluorescent dye Procion yellow (17) or of cobalt chloride (13). These materials can also be used to study neurons which have peripheral connections by allowing the markers to move up the cut axons into the cell bodies and central processes (5, 11). This "backfilling" method is facilitated by application of electrical ...

The effect of cobalt on the total proteins, protease activity, free amino acids, alanine amino transferase (ALAT) activity and aspartate amino transferase (AAT) activity were studied. The increase of total protein content in silk gland may be either due to increased efflux or decreased proteolysis activity which might lead to accumulation of protein content. The decrease of protease activity le...

cobalt is an essential co-factor in red blood cell production and function and its deficiency may produce clinical signs in sheep. thus, present study was designed to evaluate the effect of cobalt nano-particles on serum biochemical factors and histopathological changes in liver and kidnies of lambs. study was carried out in 3 groups of lambs (4 lambs per group). one group of lambs was kept as ...