The current practices used in tube drainage design often lead to unsatisfactory results : from the point of view of the system's hydraulic performance, or from the point of view of high cost of the system in relation to the actual economic benefits derived from it. It is proposed therefore, that the design of tube drainage systems should be based on a synthesis of experimental field results, an...

In these notes on drainage design procedure, three drain spacing formulae are considered suitable for designing sub-surface drainage systems. The Hooghoudt and the Kirkham-Toksoz formulae have been developed for steady state conditions and the Glover formula is applicable to the transient state condition. The steady state condition implies that the surface inflow is equal to the outflow through...

Vertical drains have been widely used in soil improvement projects to accelerate consolidation and improve the strength of soft soil. Previous models are mainly based on instantaneous loading, which cannot reflect actual time-variable loading condition. This paper presents a set analytical solutions for with vertical under depth time-dependent involving one-step multi-step cyclic loading. A fou...

in this research, the appropriateness of drainmod-n model was evaluated for the simulation of nitrate transport with subsurface drainage in paddy fields. during a canola growing season from november 2011 to april 2012, the nitrate concentration of drainage water and soil saturation extracts of two depths of 30 and 60 cm was measured in consolidated paddy fields of sari agricultural sciences and...

Understanding the interactions between shallow saline groundwater and surface water is crucial for managing logging in deltaic islands. Water conditions result accumulation of salt root zone crops detrimentally affect agriculture economically socially backward region West Bengal Bangladesh. In this paper, we undertook a modeling study water–groundwater Gosaba Island Sundarbans Ganges delta usin...

Abstract Artificial neural networks are a tool for modeling of nonlinear systems in various engineering fields. These effective tools the systems. Each artificial network includes an input layer, output layer between which there one or some hidden layers. In each several processing elements neurons. The neurons independent variables understudy issue, and its dependent variables. system, through...

Subsurface drainage is an important agriculture measure. It primary to select suitable drain pipes and envelopes for efficient subsurface drainage. And now, corrugated drains geotextile are widely used. However, the effects of perforations on not well understood. This study conducted a series sand tank experiments steady-state flow with or without different perforation patterns. The profile hea...