Web search engines apply a variety of ranking signals to achieve user satisfaction, i.e., results pages that provide the best-possible results to the user. While these ranking signals implicitly consider credibility (e.g., by measuring popularity), explicit measures of credibility are not applied. In this chapter, credibility in Web search engines is discussed in a broad context: credibility as...

Given that ―rule-based analysis is the dominant form of reasoning‖ used by lawyers, it is probably safe to say that most lawyers would agree with Aristotle‘s sentiment. After all, this is how lawyers are taught to think in law school. Three years of their lives are slavishly devoted to the pursuit of logic with little to no emphasis on other forms of reasoning. Therefore, it is not surprising t...

Economic theory predicts a positive relationship between property rights and economic growth. However, few developing countries have experienced better economic performance after improving their protection of property rights. The following manuscript addresses this puzzle by directly assessing where property rights reforms have been effective. I argue that multiple, reinforcing credibility mech...

Microblogs have become an increasingly important source of information, both in the U.S. (Twitter) and in China (Weibo). However, the brevity of microblog updates, combined with increasing access of microblog content through search rather than through direct network connections, makes it challenging to assess the credibility of news relayed in this manner [34]. This paper reports on experimenta...

This paper deals with the problem of set-membership identi cation of nonlinear-in-the-parameters models. To solve this problem, the paper illustrates how the Bayesian approach can be used to determine the feasible parameter set (FPS) by assuming uniform distributed estimation error and at model prior probability distributions. The key point of the methodology is the interval evaluation of the l...

using greedy clustering method to solve capacitated location-routing problem with fuzzy demands abstract in this paper, the capacitated location routing problem with fuzzy demands (clrp_fd) is considered. in clrp_fd, facility location problem (flp) and vehicle routing problem (vrp) are observed simultaneously. indeed the vehicles and the depots have a predefined capacity to serve the customerst...

In this paper, we consider a set of articles or reports by journalists or others, wherein they predict or promise something about future. The problem we approach is determining the credibility of the authors based on the predictions coming out to be true. The two specific problems we address are extracting the predictions from the articles and annotating with various prediction attributes. And ...

Credibility of a web-based document is an important concern, when a large number of documents is available on internet for a given subject. In this paper, various criteria that affect the credibility of a document are explored. An attempt is made to automate the process of assigning a credibility score to a web-based document. Presently the prototype of the tool developed is restricted to only ...

A clutch of '-isms' characterises the approach to consciousness which David Chalmers defends: dualism, epiphenomenalism, functionalism, anti-reductionism, and -probably -panpsychism. (The author would no doubt want 'naturalism' included in the list as well, but as we shall see, Chalmers' predilection to describe his theory as 'scientific' stretches credibility.) While the book does not, as far ...

Using Greedy Clustering Method to Solve Capacitated Location-Routing Problem with Fuzzy Demands Abstract In this paper, the capacitated location routing problem with fuzzy demands (CLRP_FD) is considered. In CLRP_FD, facility location problem (FLP) and vehicle routing problem (VRP) are observed simultaneously. Indeed the vehicles and the depots have a predefined capacity to serve the customerst...