In this paper, ferroelectric thin films, described by an ising model in a transverse field, have been studied under the mean-field approximation. We discuss a thin film composed of N-layer film of simple cubic symmetry with nearest-neighbor exchange in which the exchange strength and transverse field are assumed to be different from the bulk values in Ns surface layers, and we derive and illust...

This research deals with assessment of geothermal potential in parts of middle Benue Trough, north-east of Nigeria. The study area lies within the Longitude 9°E – 10°E and Latitude 8°N – 9.50°N with an estimated total area of 18,150 km2. Regional/Residual separation was performed on the total magnetic intensity using polynomial fitting. The residual map was divided into 14 overlappin...

today, scouring is one of the important topics in the river and coastal engineering so that the most destruction in the bridges is occurred due to this phenomenon. whereas the bridges are assumed as the most important connecting structures in the communications roads in the country and their importance is doubled while floodwater, thus exact design and maintenance thereof is very crucial. f...