We discuss effects of fluctuation geometry on primordial nucleosynthesis. For the first time we consider condensed cylinder and cylindrical-shell fluctuation geometries in addition to condensed spheres and spherical shells. We find that a cylindrical shell geometry allows for an appreciably higher baryonic contribution to be the closure density (Ωbh 2 50 < ∼ 0.2) than that allowed in spherical ...

Background: Skin cancer can be treated by various methods. Electron radiotherapy has been a useful therapeutic modality in the treatment of skin cancers in areas which are difficult to cure by other methods. Depth dose distribution of 166Ho using VARSKIN2 code is presented in this work. Material and Methods: Depth dose distribution of 166Ho was calculated, using VARSKIN2 code by adding...

We develop a new cell-centered control volume Lagrangian scheme for solving Euler equations of compressible gas dynamics in cylindrical coordinates. Based on a local coordinate transform strategy, the scheme can preserve one-dimensional spherical symmetry in a two-dimensional cylindrical geometry when computed on an equal-angle-zoned initial grid. Unlike many previous area weighted schemes that...

Introduction: There has been a curiosity about the spheroid geometry for PET scanners developments since several years ago, therefore in this study, we are aiming to evaluate the performance of this geometry and compare its performance with cylindrical geometry using Monte Carlo simulation. Methods: We simulated a spheroid geometry with a radius of 199 mm...

Methods are developed to estimate the adhesion and surface free energies of compliant materials from the contact deformations of cylindrical lenses with flat sheets. Some important differences are found between the cylindrical contact studied here and the widely studied geometry of spherical contact. For example, while the pull-off force is completely independent of the elastic constants (K) of...

Multimodal multiplex spectroscopy (MMS) has been demonstrated to increase the optical throughput of a spectrometer as opposed to that of conventional optical spectrometers [5] and has been implemented using three-dimensional photonic crystals [5] and spherical-beam volume holograms recorded in the transmission geometry [6-7, 9] as spectral diversity filters. While such efforts have resulted in ...

in this article, the elasto-plastic analysis of thick walled fg tanks subjected to internal pressure is elaborated. today, thick walled tanks containing liquids with high pressure are used in the chemical industries. the high internal pressure causes part of the thickness of reservoir to yield; therefore, we need the elasto-plastic analysis. in this study, elasto-plastic behavior of fg cylindri...

Approximations of the Sedov self-similar solution for a strong point explosion in a medium with the power-law density distribution ρ ∝ r−m are reviewed and their accuracies are analyzed. The Taylor approximation is extended to cases m / = 0 and spherical, cylindrical and plane geometry. Two approximations of the solution are presented in the Lagrangian coordinates for all types of geometry. The...

In [14], Maire developed a class of cell-centered Lagrangian schemes for solving Euler equations of compressible gas dynamics in cylindrical coordinates. These schemes use a node-based discretization of the numerical fluxes. The control volume version has several distinguished properties, including the conservation of mass, momentum and total energy and compatibility with the geometric conserva...

   This paper deals with the development and modeling of cylindrical contact theories and also the simulation of contact forces to be applied in the manipulation of various biological micro/nanoparticles by means of the AFM. First, the simulation of contact forces in four environments has been carried out, which are the most commonly used fluid in biomanipulation. Then, the spherical and cy...