Abstract Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-induced interference is a promising agricultural technology for crop protection against various pathogens. Recent advances in this field have enhanced the overall efficiency with which approach inhibits pathogenic viruses. Our previous study verified that treatment of Nicotiana benthamiana plants dsRNAs targeting helper component-proteinase ( HC-Pro ) and nu...

background macrophages play critical roles in innate immune response in the liver. whether macrophages participate in liver innate immunity against hcv replication is poorly understood objectives the aim of this study was to investigate the role of macrophages in liver innate immunity against hcv replication. conclusions macrophages may play an important role in liver innate immunity against hc...

The images for Figs 5 and 6 are incorrectly switched. The image that appears as Fig 5 should be Fig 6, and the image that appears as Fig 6 should be Fig 5. The figure captions appear in the correct order. Please see the corrected Fig 5 here. access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in a...

Here we describe studies of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) adenosine deaminase in Xenopus laevis, in particular during meiotic maturation, the period during which a stage VI oocyte matures to an egg. We show that dsRNA adenosine deaminase is in the nuclei of stage VI oocytes. Most importantly, we demonstrate that the cytoplasm of stage VI oocytes contains a factor that protects microinjected dsRNA...

Rhinovirus (RV) infections cause exacerbations and development of severe asthma highlighting the importance of antiviral interferon (IFN) defence by airway cells. Little is known about bronchial smooth muscle cell (BSMC) production of IFNs and whether BSMCs have dsRNA-sensing receptors besides TLR3. dsRNA is a rhinoviral replication intermediate and necrotic cell effect mimic that mediates inna...

The baculovirus expression vector system (BEVS) has become an important platform for the of recombinant proteins and is especially useful production large protein complexes such as virus-like particles (VLPs). An application VLPs their use vehicles targeted delivery drugs or toxins which requires development methods efficient loading with intended cargo. Our research intends to employ BEVS inse...

RIG-I recognizes molecular patterns in viral RNA to regulate the induction of type I interferons. The C-terminal domain (CTD) of RIG-I exhibits high affinity for 5' triphosphate (ppp) dsRNA as well as blunt-ended dsRNA. Structures of RIG-I CTD bound to 5'-ppp dsRNA showed that RIG-I recognizes the termini of dsRNA and interacts with the ppp through electrostatic interactions. However, the struc...

a rapid and simple technique for diagnosis of rotaviral diarrhea is polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page) of dsrna extracted from fecal samples. to determine the electrophoretype of iranian calf rotavirus, 23 rotaviral positive fecal samples from diarrheic holstein calves at the age of less than one month in tehran region were examined. the viral dsrna was extracted with phenol-chloroform, ...