Accumulated knowledge about nature is an important part of people's capacityto manage and conserve the environment. But this ecological knowledge is now being increasingly lost. There have been few cross-cultural and quantitative studies to describe the phenomenon of its loss. Here we show a strong inverse correlation between ecological knowledge and income levels in and among India, Indonesia,...

In terms of economic development, China is widely acclaimed as a miracle economy. Over a period of rapid economic growth, however, China's reputation for health has been slipping. In the 1970s China was a shining example of health development, but no longer. Government and public concerns about health equity have grown. China's health-equity challenges are truly daunting because of a vicious cy...

The important of the demographic dividend to East Asian economic growth is now widely recognized. During the last four decades of the 20 Century the working age populations grew much more rapidly than the dependent populations fueling growth in per capita income. Over the coming decades, however, demographic change is seemingly unfavorable. In the coming decades the working-age populations of m...

In earlier debates on economic development, the agricultural sector’s role was somewhat controversial. While dualistic models highlighted the importance of agriculture, the mainstream literature placed a greater emphasis on the creation of a modern industrial sector. Soon agriculture disappeared from the mainstream development literature to re-emerge recently with a variety of multiple-sector g...

Willingness to risk is an important characteristic of entrepreneurship and a crucial factor for economic growth and economic development. An experimental study has been performed that demonstrates that people can use even a single old episodes from their own experience where they acted in a risky manner and benefited from that and chose by analogy to act risky in a new situation. Moreover, it h...

This paper examines how a country’s organization of its financial activities its financial structure affects how corporations invest and raise funds. We provide an analysis of how financial structure affects economic growth for a given degree of financial and economic development. Differences in the organization of financial activities are shown to affect the creation of new businesses as well ...

Infrastructure is indispensable to achieve the main development targets in developing countries, such as urbanization, industrialization, export promotion, equitable income distribution, and sustainable economic development. Late developing countries can benefit from previous development experience provided they choose the right model. However, the relationship between infrastructure and econom...

Rural development means as overall development of rural areas social, economic, political and cultural so that the people are to lead a pleasant life. Agriculture plays the most important and decisive role in rural development. Infect, nobody can deny this fact that most of the population in India is still living in villages and their livelihood is depending on agriculture. Therefore, we rightl...