This paper explores differences in experienced environmental barriers between individuals with and without disabilities and the impact of additional factors on experienced environmental barriers. Data was collected in 2011-2012 by means of a two-stage cluster sampling and comprised 400-500 households in different sites in South Africa, Sudan Malawi and Namibia. Data were collected through self-...

the aim of this study was to identify sport marketing barriers in iran from sport managers’ perspectives. the statistical population involved top managers of sport and youth ministry, national olympic committee and sport federations (n=80). sample was equal to the population and 67 questionnaires were returned correctly. a researcher-made questionnaire (with 40 items) was used to measure sport ...

background: although diabetes mellitus is of high concern in iran, and the level of control is unacceptable, few qualitative studies have been carried out to reflect the experiences of patients on the barriers and motivators to self-care. this study aimed to explore a culturally based experience of iranian diabetic patients regarding the personal and environmental barriers to and facilitat­ing ...

BACKGROUND Perceived barriers are modifiable correlates of participation in physical activity. Associations of specific perceived barriers with participation in and level of walking for recreation, and other leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) were examined. Personal, social, and environmental factors associated with these perceived barriers were then examined. METHODS From 2003 to 2004, 2 ...

This paper presents a new model, MUSCLE (Multidirectional Scanning for Line Extraction), for automatic vectorization of raster images with straight lines. The algorithm of the model implements the line thinning and the simple neighborhood methods to perform vectorization. The model allows users to define specified criteria which are crucial for acquiring the vectorization process. In this model...

BACKGROUND To identify the relationship between perceived environmental barriers and disability in community-dwelling elderly. METHODS Cross-sectional study in two community service centers in Tainan. We enrolled 200 community-dwelling residents, aged above 65 years, who had resided in the same community for at least 12 months. Basic activity of daily living (BADL) and instrumental activity o...

Earlier models of disability emphasized the impact of only injury-related factors impeding community integration. However, recent models incorporate the significance of physical and social environment on community integration. This study aimed to identify perceived environmental barriers that impact community integration among an ethnically diverse sample of persons with traumatic brain injury ...