Smoking prevalence in remote Australian Aboriginal communities remains extraordinarily high, with rates reported of up to 82%. Widespread exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is exacerbated by overcrowded housing. Implementation of existing smoke-free policies is challenged by the normalization of smoking and a lack of appropriate regulation resources. This paper celebrates a grassroot...

INTRODUCTION Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is defined as a human cancerogen class A, due daily exposure is responsible for health hazards consider as almost equal as smoking of tobacco. GOAL Monitoring of exposure of school children to ETS as indicator of enforcement of ban of smoking in public places as tobacco control measure in the Federation of BiH. METHODS Analysis of s...

BACKGROUND Various epidemiological studies have suggested associations between environmental exposures and pregnancy outcomes. Some studies have tempted to combine information from various epidemiological studies using meta-analysis. We aimed to describe the methodologies used in these recent meta-analyses of environmental exposures and pregnancy outcomes. Furthermore, we aimed to report their ...

BACKGROUND Secondhand smoke poses a serious health hazard. In Israel the recent passage of a law designed to protect people from secondhand smoke in public places was greeted with controversy. The debate is taking place without data on actual levels of pollution for secondhand smoke in public places. OBJECTIVES To estimate levels of small respirable suspended particles, atmospheric markers of...

OBJECTIVE To determine particulate matter smaller than 2.5 μm (PM(2.5)) levels at various hospitality and entertainment venues of Karachi, Pakistan. METHODS This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at various locations in Karachi, during July 2009. Sampling was performed at 20 enclosed public places, including hospitality (restaurants and cafés) and entertainment (snooker/billia...

INTRODUCTION Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is thought to increase the severity and number of attacks in wheezy children. Objective assessments are needed to change the behavior of families to reduce the exposure of wheezy children to ETS. AIM To determine whether informing families about their children's urinary cotinine levels curtailed the exposure of children to ETS. MATERIAL AND MET...

The effect of smoking on breastfeeding duration was investigated in a population-based birth cohort study of 1,098 Brazilian infants. There were few losses to follow-up (3.2%) in the first 6 months. Maternal smoking was strongly associated with breastfeeding duration, even after adjustment for confounding. Compared with nonsmokers, mothers smoking 20 or more cigarettes daily presented an odds r...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to examine the association between pre and post environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure and behavioral problems in schoolchildren. METHODS In the cross-sectional 6 cities Study conducted in France, 5221 primary school children were investigated. Pre- and postnatal exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke at home was assessed using a parent questionnaire....

OBJECTIVE To assess the knowledge and perception of parents of high school students about the health effects of environmental hazards in Sakarya province of Turkey. METHOD The cross-section study was conducted in May 2009 in which randomly assigned 362 parents answered a questionnaire inquiring about the sociodemographics and a list of environmental hazards such as tobacco smoking, sunlight e...