This document defines the competencies that a trainee should acquire during the training period, and subsequently maintain and enhance throughout their professional life. It lists how the competencies may be taught, learnt and assessed in training. It is a statement of the minimum level of competency expected on entering core training and at the end of training. It therefore covers the topics t...

Nanomaterials have unique physical and chemical properties that are useful for various consumer and industrial applications, but these very same properties may give rise to unique biological reactivity. This has led to mounting concerns over the safety of nanomaterials, and pressure to control the potential risks. The toxicological properties of metal, metal oxide nanoparticles, quantum dots, f...

With the growth of computer use, the invention of the World Wide Web, and the increased pace of scientific research, publishers realized that making research available electronically was vital to both researchers as well as their own business interests. Over the past decade, scholarly publishers have designed DTDs and implemented SGML systems. Despite efforts to create a common DTD for scholarl...

Nanotechnology research has lately been of intense interest because of its perceived potential for many diverse fields of science. Nanotechnology's tools have found application in diverse fields, from biology to device physics. By the 1990s, there was a concerted effort in the United States to develop a national initiative to promote such research. The success of this effort led to a significan...

In this article, we examine the research on sofosbuvir with a bibliometric analysis of global research production. The study of sofosbuvir has been a field of intense research in the past few years, with Latin American contributions playing a modest role. With continued drug development and approval of hepatitis C antivirals, research is expected to increase. Our findings will assist scholars a...

In the past two decades, a new form of scholarship has appeared in which researchers present an overview of previously conducted research syntheses on the same topic. In these efforts, research syntheses are the principal units of evidence. Overviews of reviews introduce unique problems that require unique solutions. This article describes what methods overviewers have developed or have adopted...