One scientific objection to religion is that the discovery of extraterrestrial life would show our religions are not veridical, with Christianity being most common target. I will first look at a parallel issue, ancient and medieval controversy over antipodes. This raises two problematic Christian doctrines apply equally extraterrestrials: transmission original sin cosmic fall. These issues rais...

The current practice for experimentally evaluating the performance of extraterrestrial rovers/rover wheels is to conduct tests on earth on a soil simulant, appropriate to the regolith on the extraterrestrial body of interest. In the tests, the normal load (force) applied by the rover/rover wheel to the soil simulant is set identical to that expected on the extraterrestrial surface, taking into ...