Arend F Bos* MD PhD, Neonatologist, Department of Pediatrics, Beatrix Children’s Hospital, University Hospital, Groningen, The Netherlands; Christa Einspieler PhD, Associate Professor of Physiology, Department of Physiology, Karl Franzens University; Heinz F R Prechtl DM DPhil FRCOG (Hon), Professor Emeritus of Developmental Neurology, Department of Physiology, Karl Franzens University, Graz, A...

Triploidy is a lethal chromosomal abnormality. Foetuses with triploid condition have a tendency to die in early conception and very few survive to term. In this study, we report the prenatal diagnosis of fetal triploidy with unexpected chromosomal translocation. A 27 years old women was referred to our clinical cytogenetic department due to history of previous conceptus with intrauterine growth...

Nat iona l and international economic policy has usually ignored the environment. In areas where the environment is beginning to impinge on policy, as in the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), it remains a tangential concern, and the presumption is often made that economic growth and economic liberalization (including the liberaliz...

This report presents the results of an investigation into the sources of, and obstacles to, economic growth in the small Pacific island economies. The analytical framework is that provided by Hausmann, Rodrik, and Velasco (2005). The focus of this framework is on identifying the binding constraints to economic growth within a country, given that the investigator has detailed knowledge of the co...

Fetal growth retardation is a fetal adaptation in response to inadequate supply of oxygen and/or nutrients. Animal models of intrauterine growth retardation are an invaluable tool to question the genetic, molecular and cellular events that determine fetal growth and development. Rodent and non-litter bearing animals are mammalian system with similar embryology,anatomy and physiology to humans. ...

Two hundred and fifty-three twin deliveries in Northern Ireland during 1983 were studied. A high perinatal mortality rate of 57 per 1000 births was found, over four times greater than the overall perinatal mortality rate for Northern Ireland in that year. The main cause of these losses remains premature delivery which is frequently complicated by fetal growth retardation. Serial ultrasound scan...

Maternal hypothyroidism impairs fetal growth in the rat, but the mechanisms by which this occurs are unknown. Since the fetus derives its glucose supply from the mother, and maternal thyroidectomy may disturb maternal and placental glucose metabolism, we postulated that maternal and/or placental glucose metabolic compromise may contribute to fetal growth retardation in hypothyroid dams. Feto-pl...

as well as from a number of more detailed papers available upon request. 1 The opening line of the standard textbook in the area states that the " most basic proposition of growth theory is that in order to sustain a positive growth rate of output per capita in the long run, there must be continual advances in technological knowledge " (Aghion and Howitt, 1998, p. 11).