mashhad plain is one of the most important regions of apple cultivated areas. occurring spring late frost creates a lot of damages on bud and decreasing the yield of apple in this region. assessment and risk modeling of frost damage would be useful to manage and decrease the damage. the study area is a part of khorasan razavi province which is located in mashhad plain. this region is located in...

Planting healthy seedlings with optimal growth potential is essential for proper and survival in forest regeneration. Assessing the seedling quality prior to planting therefore important. In this Icelandic study, effects of root damage induced artificial freezing young Russian larch were examined using capacity method (RGC). Frost tolerance roots varied during winter, undamaged fluctuated, indi...

Tunnels located in cold regions are vulnerable to frost damage resulting from the special atmosphere, which directly threatens safety of tunnel structure and operation. Frost problems tunnels have not been fundamentally resolved. This paper reviews design theory mitigation techniques currently used design, construction maintenance region tunnels. The depths freezing thawing heaving force key in...

Frost exposure is a particular challenge for cultivating perennial crops, whose adaptive capacity to weather and climate impacts limited. Irrigation common means of mitigating damage, but draws on limited water resources, costly, energy intensive. Here we examined the projected impact change incidence frost temperatures during coldest winters, defined by 98th percentile cool season (November–Ap...

This study was carried out in order to determine the effects of boron and cold stress on pollen germination of almond hybrids in vitro culture, two different media including the absence and presence of boron (0 mg/l, and 100 mg/l) in 10% sucrose and 1% agar medium at 24°C in dark conditions. The results showed that different treatments had a significant effect on the germination percentage. The...

Frost is a natural disaster that can cause catastrophic damages in agriculture, while traditional temperature monitoring orchards has disadvantages such as being imprecise and laborious, which lead to inadequate or wasteful frost protection treatments. In this article, we presented heating requirement assessment methodology for an apple orchard utilizing unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based ther...