objective(s): the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of subacute administration of propylthiouracil (ptu) on gentamicin (gm)-induced nephrotoxicity in male rats.   materials and methods: male wistar rats were divided into 4 experimental groups as follow: (1) control group: isotonic saline (1 ml/kg, ip. for 18 d), (2) gm group: 100 mg/kg, ip for 8 d, (3) ptu group: ptu (10 mg/kg, ip fo...

Due to high relative blood flow the kidney is prone to drug-induced damage. Aminoglycoside type antibiotic gentamicin is one of the leading cause of drug-induced nephrotoxicity. In recent years gentamicin nephrotoxicity is significantly reduced by shifting to once daily dosage as well as by eliminating known risk factors. Application of gentamicin is still related to serious side effects which ...

Gentamicin may cause acute kidney injury. The pathogenesis of gentamicin nephrotoxicity is unclear. Autophagy is a highly conserved physiological process involved in removing damaged or aged biological macromolecules and organelles from the cytoplasm. The role of autophagy in the pathogenesis of gentamicin nephrotoxicity is unclear. The miniature pigs are more similar to humans than are those o...

BACKGROUND Oxidative and nitrosative stress have been involved in gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity. The purpose of this work was to study the effect of S-allylmercaptocysteine, a garlic derived compound, on gentamicin-induced oxidative and nitrosative stress and nephrotoxicity. In addition, the in vitro reactive oxygen species scavenging properties of S-allylmercaptocysteine were studied. RE...

Gentamicin is a commonly used aminoglycoside antibiotic. However, its therapeutic use is limited by its nephrotoxicity. The mechanisms of gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity are principally from renal inflammation and oxidative stress. Since atorvastatin, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors, exerts lipid-lowering effects, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory as well as anti-apopt...

objective(s):gentamicin sulphate (gs) nephrotoxicity seems to be related to the generation of reactive oxygen species. there is evidence that oxygen preconditioning increases the activity of antioxidant enzymes. materials and methods: forty eight female rats were divided into 6 groups (n=8) as follows: group 1 was the control, group 2 received daily gs, groups 3,4 and 5 received oxygen 2 hr/day...

background: gentamicin (gm) is one the aminoglycoside antibiotics which isroutinelyused to treatinfections gram-negative, either alone or insynergistic withbeta-lactamantibioticsused. however, frequent useleads toserious side effectssuch asrenal toxicity, ototoxicity. coenzyme q10 has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and vasodilatory properties. according to these properties of coenzyme q10 and t...

objective(s):to evaluate the effect of graptophyllum pictum on lipid peroxidation and tissue antioxidant enzymes in liver and kidney of gentamicin induced nephrotoxic rats. materials and methods: animals were grouped into 6: group 1 received gum acacia, group 2 received g. pictum ethanol extract (300 mg/kg), group 3 received gentamicin, groups 4, 5, 6 received gentamicin along with g. pictum at...

background: all the three nitric oxide synthase (nos) isoforms are presented in the kidney. some data provided evidences that enos activity leads to restoration of renal function after injury, but activation of inos aggravates renal failure. in the present study, we investigated that whether in gentamicin-induced renal failure selective inos blockade is beneficial. materials and methods: four g...

The clinical uses of gentamicin have so far been restricted due to nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity. The exact mechanism of nephrotoxicity is still unknown; however, it appears that free radicals may be involved. Methionine has previously been shown to alleviate oxidative stress involved in ototoxicity due to its antioxidant properties. Therefore, the effect of methionine supplementation on the g...