Over the past decade, numerous studies have been targeted at defining structure-activity relationships of glucagon. Recently, we have found that glucagon(1-29) is hydrolyzed by dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPIV) to produce glucagon(3-29) and glucagon(5-29); in human serum, [pyroglutamyl (pGlu)(3)]glucagon(3-29) is formed from glucagon(3-29), and this prevents further hydrolysis of glucagon by DPIV ...

The fate of plasma glucagon has been analyzed in detail by Desbuquois and Postel-Vinay. The present work was carried out to clarify the relationships between plasma glucagon disappearance and its tissue uptake. For the purpose, we injected rats intravenously with 125I-glucagon alone or with concomitant or sequential injections of native glucagon. Plasma 125I-glucagon was analyzed by Biogel P10 ...

OHNEDA, A.,OHNEDA, K. and KoIzuMI, F. Insulin Releasing Action of N-Terminal Peptides of Glucagon in Dogs. Tohoku J. Exp. Med., 1992, 167 (4), 287-295 The relationship between the molecular structure and insulin releasing action of glucagon remains unknown. In order to investigate the direct action of N-terminal peptides of glucagon, glucagon (1-14), and glucagon (1-21) were studied using an in...

The initial reaction between glucagon and the glucagonsensitive adenyl cyclase system in rat liver plasma membranes is probed with the use of 1251-glucagon. An assay system is described for the binding of labeled glucagon to membranes. Iodination of glucagon with Iz yields mono-iodo glucagon having the same biological activity as native glucagon. 129Glucagon of high specific activity used for s...

The initial reaction between glucagon and the glucagonsensitive adenyl cyclase system in rat liver plasma membranes is probed with the use of *2SI-glucagon. An assay system is described for the binding of labeled glucagon to membranes. Iodination of glucagon with Ip yields mono-iodo glucagon having the same biological activity as native glucagon. 1251Glucagon of high specific activity used for ...

Ten healthy male volunteers were studied to compare the effectiveness of intravenous and subcutaneous injections of 1 mg of glucagon on HG secretion. Plasma HGH level rose to a peak of 6 ng/ml or greater 120 minutes after the subcutaneous injection of glucagon (sc glucagon) in all subjects, whereas the intravenous injection of glucagon (iv glucagon) caused comparable increments in plasma HGH in...

Glucagon-(19-29) is 1000-fold more potent that glucagon as an inhibitor of the liver plasma membrane calcium pump, which suggests that this peptide fragment is naturally occurring. Since glucagon-(19-29) is undetectable in plasma, the processing of glucagon into its (19-29) fragment may occur upon interaction of glucagon with its target tissues. The use of a specific radioimmunoassay for glucag...

Under conditions where both glucagon and hormonal stimulation of adenylyl cyclase activity increase with increasing concentrations of glucagon, it was found that hormonal stimulation was complete when occupation of the glucagon-specific binding sites was only 10 to 20% of that achieved upon prolonged incubation; thus, under these conditions, 80 to 90% of the glucagon which binds to liver plasma...

BACKGROUND During severe hypoglycemic episodes, people with diabetes depend on others to help with treatment. We compared needle-free nasal glucagon and commercially available injectable glucagon for ease of use by caregivers of people with diabetes and by others in treating simulated episodes of severe hypoglycemia. METHODS Sixteen instructed caregivers and 15 noninstructed acquaintances adm...

PURPOSE Chick eyes compensate for the defocus imposed by positive or negative spectacle lenses. Glucagon may signal the sign of defocus. Do insulin (or IGF-1) and glucagon act oppositely in controlling eye growth, as they do in metabolic pathways and in control of retinal neurogenesis? METHODS Chicks, wearing lenses or diffusers or neither over both eyes, were injected with glucagon, a glucag...