Aims : To investigate the toxic effect of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) to the learning and memory of mice. Main methods: Naked GNPs of 17 nm and 37 nm were synthesized, purified, and injected intraperitoneally into BALB/C mice at a dose of 8 mg/kg/week. Passive avoidance test was performed to detect the possible leaning impairment. Biochemical analysis to examine levels of monoamine and acetylchol...

In the real implementation of autonomous mobile robots, the environments change dynamically with unknown and inexperienced situations, whichmake agents do tasks inappropriately. In order to behave appropriately, the agents should be robust to unknown environments and also have the adaptability mechanisms to change the structures/parameters of their controllers adaptively when inexperienced situ...

To tailor highly-functionalized gold nanoparticle (GNP) networks, we investigated the GNP network formation with functionalized spacer group via click chemistry. This is based on its high reactivity and mild reaction conditions. The feature of this protocol is the easy approach to versatile GNP functionalization on the basis of the excellent accessibility and good stability of functional dialky...

This paper studies the Generalized Neyman–Pearson (GNP) optimality of empirical likelihood-based tests for parameter hypotheses. The GNP optimality focuses on the large deviation errors of tests, i.e., the convergence rates of the type I and II error probabilities under fixed alternatives. We derive (i) the GNP optimality of the empirical likelihood criterion (ELC) test against all alternatives...

In this paper, we propose Genetic Network Programming (GNP) Architecture using Automatically Defined Groups. GNP is a kind of new evolutionary method inspired from Genetic Programming (GP). While GP has a tree architecture, GNP has a network architecture, with which an agent works in the virtual world. Because only one network architecture is evolved for agents in a system in previous works, ev...

The in-plane alignment of graphite nanoplatelets (GNPs) in thin thermal interface material (TIM) layers suppresses the though-plane heat transport thus limiting the performance of GNPs in the geometry normally required for thermal management applications. Here we report a disruption of the GNP in-plane alignment by addition of spherical microparticles. The degree of GNP alignment was monitored ...

Gold nanoparticles (GNP) and RGD peptide modified indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode was fabricated to enhance the electrochemical signals from neural stem cells (HB1.F3). Aminopropyltrimethoxylane (APTMS) was selfassembled on ITO electrode surface to immobilze GNP and its topological characteristics were confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Thereafter, cysteine containing RGD peptide...

A new graph-based evolutionary algorithm named “Genetic Network Programming, GNP” has been proposed. GNP represents its solutions as directed graph structures, which can improve the expression ability and performance. Since GA, GP and GNP already proposed are based on evolution and they cannot change their solutions until one generation ends, we propose GNP with Reinforcement Learning (GNP with...