Joal Hill I read with interest the debate about for-profi t versus non-profi t institutional review boards (IRBs) [1], but was disappointed that no one addressed the ability (or inability) of for-profi t IRBs to review studies with the local context of research subjects in mind and then monitor what actually occurs during the consent process throughout the research trial. To my mind the “bignes...

Joal Hill I read with interest the debate about for-profi t versus non-profi t institutional review boards (IRBs) [1], but was disappointed that no one addressed the ability (or inability) of for-profi t IRBs to review studies with the local context of research subjects in mind and then monitor what actually occurs during the consent process throughout the research trial. To my mind the “bignes...

This article presents a brief review of methods to visualize forms of parts of the human body in different spatial resolutions by applying navigation observation and pattern recognition to three dimensional (3D) X-ray CT images. Several examples of 3D views of the parts of human body are shown. They are characterized by that the viewpoint is selected arbitrarily inside the body and moved around...

worldwide including iran, fasciola species are the causes of human and animal fasciolosis which have comparatively identical morphologies. the present study is aimed to identify different fasciola forms by using morphologic and morphometric variations from domestic ruminants of northwestern iran. a total of 130, 67 and 140 livers of cattle, water buffaloes and sheep respectively were collected ...

up to date, there are four pharmacologically characterized subtypes of muscarinic receptors (m1, m2, m3 and m4). in our study we have investigated muscarinic receptor subtypes in smooth muscle layers of human stomach. isolated preparations of longitudinal and circular muscle layers from human stomach were used. acetylcholine, bethanechol, carbachol, pilocarpine and ahr -602 produced concentrati...

Joal Hill I read with interest the debate about for-profi t versus non-profi t institutional review boards (IRBs) [1], but was disappointed that no one addressed the ability (or inability) of for-profi t IRBs to review studies with the local context of research subjects in mind and then monitor what actually occurs during the consent process throughout the research trial. To my mind the “bignes...