small Polygroups are multi-valued systems that satisfy group-likeaxioms. Using the notion of “belonging ($epsilon$)” and “quasi-coincidence (q)” offuzzy points with fuzzy sets, the concept of ($epsilon$, $epsilon$ $vee$ q)-fuzzy subpolygroups isintroduced. The study of ($epsilon$, $epsilon$ $vee$ q)-fuzzy normal subpolygroups of a polygroupare dealt with. Characterization and some of the fundam...

Abstract Brooks and Makover developed a combinatorial model of random hyperbolic surfaces by gluing certain ideal triangles. In this paper, we show that for any $\epsilon>0$, as the number triangles goes to infinity, generic surface in Brooks–Makover’s has Cheeger constant less than $\frac {3}{2\pi }+\epsilon $.

In this article we consider the linear filtering problem in continuous-time. We develop and apply multilevel Monte Carlo (MLMC) strategies for ensemble Kalman-Bucy filters (EnKBFs). These can be viewed as approximations of conditional McKean-Vlasov-type diffusion processes. They are also interpreted continuous-time analogue \textit{ensemble Kalman filter}, which has proven to successful due its...

We have identified experimentally secondary instability mechanisms that restrict the stable band of wave numbers for ideal hexagons in Bénard-Marangoni convection. We use "thermal laser writing" to impose long wave perturbations of ideal hexagonal patterns as initial conditions and measure the growth rates of the perturbations. For epsilon=0.46 our results suggest a longitudinal phase instabili...

We consider Einstein hypersurfaces of warped products $$I\times _\omega {\mathbb {Q}}_\epsilon ^n,$$ where $$I\subset {R}}$$ is an open interval and $${\mathbb ^n$$ the simply connected space form dimension $$n\ge 2$$ constant sectional curvature $$\epsilon \in \{-1,0,1\}$$ . show that, for all $$c\in (resp. $$c>0$$ ), there exist rotational c in {H}}^n$$ {R}}^n$$ {S}}^n$$ provided that $$\omeg...

Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) is characterized by delivering a high amount of dose in a short period of time. In SBRT the dose is delivered using open fields (e.g., beam's-eye-view) known as 'apertures'. Mathematical methods can be used for optimizing treatment planning for delivery of sufficient dose to the cancerous cells while keeping the dose to surrounding organs at risk (OARs...

One of the most challenging issues in multi-objective problems is finding Pareto optimal points. This paper describes an algorithm based on Benders Decomposition Algorithm (BDA) which tries to find Pareto solutions. For this aim, a multi-objective facility location allocation model is proposed. In this case, an integrated BDA and epsilon constraint method are proposed and it is shown that how P...

The object of this paper is to study $(epsilon)$-Lorentzian para-Sasakian manifolds. Some typical identities for the curvature tensor and the Ricci tensor of $(epsilon)$-Lorentzian para-Sasakian manifold are investigated. Further, we study globally $phi$-Ricci symmetric and weakly $phi$-Ricci symmetric $(epsilon)$-Lorentzian para-Sasakian manifolds and obtain interesting results.

We establish analytically the interactions of electromagnetic wave with a general class of spherical cloaks based on a full wave Mie scattering model. We show that for an ideal cloak the total scattering cross section is absolutely zero, but for a cloak with a specific type of loss, only the backscattering is exactly zero, which indicates the cloak can still be rendered invisible with a monosta...