Water is a vital source for both human and biological living. Today, water management and conservation, not only both in developing countries but also in and the developed countries ones, has is of great importance. In the traditional economy, water is not considered as a productive factor in the national accounts; however, but in reality, water is the primary factor in many direct and indirect...

This paper tries to demonstrate the importance of non-economic exogenous factors (Underlying Energy Demand Trend) when we estimate the industrial energy demand for Iran. The Structural Time Series Model (STSM) approach is used to model these unobservable factors. The Kalman filter and Maximum Likelihood methods allow us to estimate the value of the UEDT. This approach enables us to obtain more ...

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Importance of forming and the amount of capital stock in the industrial sector due to higher added value than other economic sectors in the growth and economic development, especially in the economic rise of paramount importance.On the other hand, taxes due to stabilization roles, allocation and distribution of income in the economy as one of the variables affecting the process are the investme...

Economic infrastructure plays an important role in the economic growth of developing countries. An increase in the informal sector of the economy will lead to lower tax bases, less production of basic public infrastructure and public services, and ultimately lower economic growth. As a developing country in need of economic growth, Iran is currently embroiled in sanctions in various dimensions,...

Natural gas has an advantageous position compared to other energy carriers in policy making of energy consumption due to its many advantages, especially in terms of environmental indicators. In Iran, the industrial sector is considered as one of the important sectors of natural gas consumption. The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between natural gas prices and indu...

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