BACKGROUND Time trends in infant mortality for the 20th century show a curvilinear pattern that most demographers have assumed to be approximately exponential. Virtually all cross-country comparisons and time series analyses of infant mortality have studied the logarithm of infant mortality to account for the curvilinear time trend. However, there is no evidence that the log transform is the be...

backgroundseveral studies have examined the relationship between human development index (hdi) and various health outcomes. the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between hdi, and infant mortality rate, mortality rate of children under one year and under 5 years, maternal mortality rate, and total fertility rate.materials and methodsin this ecologic study, data on hdi, total ...

a secular milestone is approached by the world in line of reaching millennium development goals (mdgs). after december 2015, a new of flexible and global sustainable development goals (sdgs) were set, replace mdgs by sdgs. infant mortality rate (imr) is a pivotal indicator of development in a given country that embedded in millennium development goal (mdg).  after that in manner of strong clini...

BACKGROUND Maternal and infant mortality are highly devastating, yet, in many cases, preventable events for a community. The human development of a country is a strong predictor of maternal and infant mortality, reflecting the importance of socioeconomic factors in determinants of health. Previous research has shown that the Human Development Index (HDI) predicts infant mortality rate (IMR) and...

VOLUME 89, NO. 3 Infant mortality is a frequently used measure of population health status. Because of concern that Canada’s infant mortality rate (IMR) was rising, Joseph and Kramer examined trends in Canada’s IMR and the effect of registering extremely low birthweight (under 500 grams) infants as live births. A live birth is defined as any infant who, after delivery, “...breathes or shows any...

Infant mortality is defined as the death of an infant before his or her first birthday. The infant mortality rate (IMR) measures this occurrence per 1,000 live births. In addition to being a key marker of maternal and child health, the IMR has been called the most sensitive indicator of overall societal health. In the United States, substantial progress has been made over the last 50 years in r...

Objective This report presents 2002 period infant mortality statistics in Indiana from the linked birth/infant death data set (linked file) by race, a variety of infant and maternal characteristics, and leading causes of death. Methods The numerator for the 2002 period linked file consists of Indiana resident infant deaths (less than one year of age) occurring in 2002. In 2002, 99.2 percent of ...

introduction : 99% of 4million neonatal mortality occur in developing countries every year. mortality rate of newborns accounts for 18.3 per 1000 live birth that comprised 69% of imr and 56% of under 5 mortality in iran. a  comparison of statistical trend between infant and newborn rate from 1988 to 2001 revealed a considerable decrease in imr but slightly decrease in nmr. training postnatal mo...

background health expenditures are divided in two parts of public and private health expenditures. public health expenditures contain social security spending, taxing to private and public sectors, and foreign resources like loans and subventions. on the other hand, private health expenditures contain out of pocket expenditures and private insurances. each of these has different effects on the ...