Analyses of the effects of service conditions on the distribution of residual stresses in railroad commuter car wheels are presented. Novel software has been applied to estimate the effects of service conditions on the as-manufactured state of these wheels. Contact loads resulting from wheel and rail interaction and thermal loads from on-tread braking are considered. Results indicate that conta...

Swine producers in the United States who are looking for lower cost structures in which to raise pigs have increasingly turned to so-called hoop barns or hooped shelters as facilities in which to house grow-finish swine. Hoop barns have been rapidly adopted. For example, by 2001, Iowa farmers had erected more than 2,100 hoop barns for finishing pigs. Hoop barns can be used successfully to finis...

In this paper, by considering the notion of hyper hoop-algebras, we define the concepts of (strong) regular relations on hyper hoop-algebras and investigate some properties of them. Then we construct a quotient (hyper) hoop-algebra by a (strong)regular relation on hyper hoop-algebras. Finally, we define the notion of maximal filter and we investigate the relation between quotient simple hyper h...

The connection joint of prestressed concrete pipe piles is a typical steel–concrete structure, and its bending strength has evolved into critical factor affecting the safety supporting structures in underground engineering. Based on full-scale tests five specimens large-diameter reinforced (PRC) joints, as well corresponding finite element numerical simulation, bearing deformation characteristi...

Hollow metal and composite baseball and softball bats exhibit two types of vibrational modes, bending modes and hoop modes. The hoop modes are unique to hollow bats and involve only a radial vibration of the barrel of the bat. The lowest frequency hoop mode is responsible for the both the "ping" sound of a metal bat and the so-called "trampoline effect." Modal analysis is used to determine the ...

The influence of yield function parameters on hole-expansion (HE) predictions are investigated for an anisotropic AA6022-T4 aluminum sheet. HE experiment is performed in a fully-instrumented double-action hydraulic press with flat-headed punch. Full strain fields measured by stereo-type digital image correlation (DIC) system. stress state gradually changes from uniaxial to plane-strain tension ...