the concept of “ultra vires” has been studied in two specific areas: in company law and in discussions on the issues of capacity and acts of representatives. historically, in english law, ultra vires acts were considered as void, and neither representatives nor shareholders could approve them at a later time. subsequently, judges in common law system changed their approach from a restricted cap...

The pragmalinguistic and sociopragmatic aspects of language use vary across different situations, languages, and cultures. The separation of these two facets of language use can help to map out the socio-cultural norms and conventions as well as the linguistic forms and strategies that underlie the pragmatic performance of different language speakers in a variety of target language use situatio...

this study attempted to investigate the effect of bilingualism on pragmaticawareness and development among iranian turkish/persian efl learners. data werecollected through a personal profile questionnaire with questions about theparticipants’ language background and a wdct with 10 situations to determine theextent to which the bilinguals demonstrated their pragmatic awareness of requests.they w...

The present study is an attempt to compare the use of different forms of greeting speech acts presented in Iranian junior high school textbooks, i.e. Prospect series (I, II, III) and Four Corners series (1, 2, 3 and 4) which are quite popular in Iranian high schools and institutions. To this end, greeting forms in the language function and conversation sections of these two series were analyzed...

The present study is an attempt to compare the use of different forms of greeting speech acts presented in Iranian junior high school textbooks, i.e. Prospect series (I, II, III) and Four Corners series (1, 2, 3 and 4) which are quite popular in Iranian high schools and institutions. To this end, greeting forms in the language function and conversation sections of these two series were analyzed...

This study attempted to investigate the effect of bilingualism on pragmaticawareness and development among Iranian Turkish/Persian EFL learners. Data werecollected through a personal profile questionnaire with questions about theparticipants’ language background and a WDCT with 10 situations to determine theextent to which the bilinguals demonstrated their pragmatic awareness of requests.They w...