women, as half of the effectual population of iranian society, have always been active in different aspects of life including social, economic, political and cultural ones. entailment is one of their contributory areas of presence which has not been discussed much. in south khorasan women entail some of their properties to charities symbolizing their benevolence and their status and economic in...

this article is an attempt to study two historical junctures in the history of iran: from the qajar era to the mashrooteh movement; and from the pahlavi era to the islamic revolution. the two junctures have been studied from different perspectives; however, this article concentrates only on how political legitimacy emerged and diminished in the the above-mentioned revolutions. the basic questio...

the city of tabriz was one of the most important and historical cities of iran which had a pre-islamic background. this city was one of the main center of azarbayjan in the most historical era and it had been capital in some era like ilkhanian, gharaghoyonlu, agh ghoyonlu and even early of safavi era. historical background and continuous efforts residents of tabriz cause to infrastructure some ...

iranian traditional cities were created with a system based on experiments and gradual establishment of society through time. qajar era is especially important in iranian art history. until mid qajar era, iranian cities’s architecture mainly took benefit of its common traditional architecture that is already seen in most desert-surrounding cities. till this era, there was not any connection bet...

one of the public places in any given city is a place to have some fun. the most important feature of islamic cities is the emphasis on gender segregation in public places and special required conditions for men and women to attend public places. tehran as the most important metropolis in iran and the capital of an islamic country, has been witnessing a lot of changes in its leisure places look...

the public bathhouses are included in buildings as public utilities that have been expanded throughout islamic realm by arising islamic religion that cleaning is the preamble for most of its rites. unfortunately, from the beginning of islamic period until 8th hegira century (15th ad century) no stable sample of public bathhouses remained in iran, but many public bathhouses have still remained f...