The aim of this paper is to define the productoperation on a family of interval valued events and the notion ofjoint interval valued observable. We show the connection betweenproduct operations for interval valued events and intuitionisticfuzzy events, too. We display the relation between joint intervalvalued observable and joint intuitionistic fuzzy observable. We...

Point estimates of unknown parameters θ governing the distribution of an observed quantity X are unsatisfying if they come with no measure of accuracy or precision. One approach to giving such a measure is to offer interval estimates for θ, rather than point estimates; upon observing X, we construct an interval [a, b] which is very likely to contain θ, and which is very short. The approach to e...

Methodological recommendations strongly emphasize the routine reporting of effect sizes and associated confidence intervals to express the uncertainty around the primary outcomes. Confidence intervals (CI) for unstandardized effects are easy to construct; However, CI’s for standardized measures such as the standardized mean difference (i.e., Cohen’s d), the Pearson product-moment correlation, p...