The PD-1 (programmed death-1)/PD-L1 (PD-ligand 1) checkpoint is a critical regulator of activated T cell-cancer cell interactions, defending tumor cells against immune destruction. Nano-diamino-tetrac (NDAT; Nanotetrac) is an anticancer/anti-angiogenic agent targeted to the thyroid hormone-tetrac receptor on the extracellular domain of integrin αvβ3. NDAT inhibits the cancer cell PI3-K and MAPK...

The adenovirus IVa2 and L1 52/55-kDa proteins are involved in the assembly of new virus particles. Both proteins bind to the packaging sequence of the viral chromosome, and the lack of expression of either protein results in no virus progeny: the absence of the L1 52/55-kDa protein leads to formation of only empty capsids, and the absence of the IVa2 protein results in no capsid assembly. Furth...

Introduction: Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in women worldwide and the role of human papillomavirus (HPV) has been proved in its etiology. The currentley available L1-capsid-protein-based vaccine is highly immunogenic and very high titers of serum antibodies can be obtained by its injection, but unfortunately it is restricted to only a few HPV genotypes and is relatively expe...

Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) and programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) have been identified as novel targets of immunotherapy of lung cancer. In present study, we evaluated the metabolic characteristics of lung cancer by using 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18 F-FDG PET/CT) with regard to PD-L1 protein expression. PD-L1 protein expression was evalua...

Cervical cancer is linked to infection with human papillomaviruses (HPV) and is the third most common cancer among women worldwide. There is a strong demand for the development of an HPV preventive vaccine. Transgenic plants expressing the HPV major capsid protein L1 could be a system to produce virus-like particles for prophylactic vaccination or could even be used as edible vaccines to induce...

Background: Obesity, a global health problem and a chronic disease, is associated with increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes and coronary heart diseases. A wide variety of natural remedies have been explored for their obesity treatment potential. Objective: The anti-adipogenic effect of ginsenoside Rg5:Rk1 (Rg5:Rk1) on 3T3-L1 mature adipocytes was investigated. Materials and ...

ABSTRACT- To investigate the effect of draught stress on water relations, stomatal density, chlorophyll content and yield of rapeseed, an experiment was done with four levels of drought stress including L1 (Field Capacity, FC), L2 (70% Available Water Content, AWC), L3 (50% AWC), and L4 (30% AWC), within three growth stages- including stem elongation (T1), onset of flowering (T2) and silique fo...

The human papillomavirus (HPV) capsid consists of 360 copies of the major capsid protein, L1, arranged as 72 pentamers on a T=7 icosahedral lattice, with substoichiometric amounts of the minor capsid protein, L2. In order to understand the arrangement of L2 within the HPV virion, we have defined and biochemically characterized a domain of L2 that interacts with L1 pentamers. We utilized an in v...

Many mechanisms or pathways are involved in secondary post-traumatic brain injury, such as the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (UPP), axonal degeneration and neuronal cell apoptosis. UCH-L1 is a protein that is expressed in high levels in neurons and may have important roles in the UPP, autophagy and axonal integrity. The current study aims to evaluate the role of UCH-L1 in post-traumatic brain in...

introduction: cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in women worldwide and the role of human papillomavirus (hpv) has been proved in its etiology. the currentley available l1-capsid-protein-based vaccine is highly immunogenic and very high titers of serum antibodies can be obtained by its injection, but unfortunately it is restricted to only a few hpv genotypes and is relatively expe...