We demonstrate semitransparent small molecular weight organic photovoltaic cells using a laminated silver nanowire mesh as a transparent, conductive cathode layer. The lamination process does not damage the underlying solar cell and results in a transparent electrode with low sheet resistance and high optical transmittance without impacting photocurrent collection. The resulting semitransparent...

A specific issue in transformer modeling using the finite element method is the consideration of electric sheets or other laminated core materials which are commonly used to reduce eddy currents. Instead of explicitly modeling the geometry of every single core sheet material homogenization procedures can be applied. They substitute the laminated core structure for a virtual bulk material which ...

While a freestanding high-strength sheet metal subject to tension will rupture at a small strain, it is anticipated that lamination with a ductile sheet metal will retard this instability to an extent that depends on the relative thickness, the relative stiffness, and the hardening exponent of the ductile sheet. This paper presents an analytical study for the deformability of such laminate with...

In this paper, the effect of different boundary conditions on the free vibration analysis response of a sandwich plate is presented using the higher order shear deformation theory. The face sheets are orthotropic laminated composites that follow the first order shear deformation theory (FSDT) based on the Rissners-Mindlin (RM) kinematics field. The motion equations are derived considering the c...

An advantage of functionally graded materials (FGMs) over laminated composites is that material properties vary continuously in an FGM but are discontinuous across adjoining layers in laminated composites. Furthermore, in an FGM material, properties can be graded in all three directions which is more difficult to achieve in laminated composites. FGMs have been used for structural optimization, ...

Light activated polymers (LAPs) have attracted increasing attention since these materials change their shape and/or behavior in response to light exposure, which serves as an instant, remote and precisely controllable stimulus that enables non-contact control of the material shape and behavior through simple variation in light intensity, wavelength and spatially controlled exposure. These featu...

The cores of electrical machines are generally punched and laminated to reduce the eddy current losses. These manufacturing processes such as punching and cutting deform the electrical sheets and deteriorate its magnetic properties. Burrs are formed due to plastic deformation of electrical sheets. Burr formed due to punching on the edges of laminated sheets impairs the insulation of adjacent sh...

Many naturally occurring biomaterials are composed of laminated structures in which layers of beta-sheet proteins alternate with layers of inorganic mineral. These ordered laminates often have structural and mechanical properties that differ significantly from those of nonbiological materials. An important step in the construction of novel biomaterials is the creation of composites wherein a de...

A macrocyclic β-sheet peptide containing two nonapeptide segments based on Aβ(15-23) (QKLVFFAED) forms fibril-like assemblies of oligomers in the solid state. The X-ray crystallographic structure of macrocyclic β-sheet peptide 3 was determined at 1.75 Å resolution. The macrocycle forms hydrogen-bonded dimers, which further assemble along the fibril axis in a fashion resembling a herringbone pat...