As the demand for the civil aviation has been growing for decades and the system becoming increasingly complex, the use of systems engineering and operations research tools have shown to be of further use in managing this system. In this study, we apply such tools in managing landing operations on runways (as the bottleneck and highly valuable resources of air transportation networks) to handle...

background: single leg drop landing is one of the common sport activities that have greater likelihood of leading to traumatic oflower extremity. however, there is limited understanding of biomechanics of this maneuver. hence, this study aimed to compare the activities of lower limb muscles during pre- and post phases of single leg drop landing. methods: this semi-experimental research of 13 ph...

Autonomous contingency management systems, such as a forced landing system which reacts appropriately to an engine failure is important for the safe operation of Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS). This paper details a method to ascertain the reachability of any possible emergency landing site for a forced landing in steady uniform wind conditions. With knowledge of the aircraft’s state, such as s...

This paper presents an intelligent control scheme that uses a cerebellar model articulation controller (CMAC) and genetic algorithms (GA) in aircraft automatic landing control and to make automatic landing systems (ALS) more intelligent. The proposed intelligent controller can act as an experienced pilot and guide the aircraft to a safe landing in severe turbulence environment. Current flight c...

In the field of Automation, Fuzzy Control Fuzzy control has significant merits which are utilized in intelligent controllers, especially for vibration control systems. This paper is concerned with the application aspects of the developed MR damper for landing gear system, to attenuate the sustained vibrations during the landing phase. Also a comparative study is made on the responses obtained f...

During jumping or falling in humans and various other mammals, limb muscles are activated before landing, and the intensity and timing of this pre-landing activity are scaled to the expected impact. In this study, we test whether similarly tuned anticipatory muscle activity is present in hopping cane toads. Toads use their forelimbs for landing, and we analysed pre-landing electromyographic (EM...

The bouncing mechanism of human running is characterized by a shorter duration of the brake after 'landing' compared with a longer duration of the push before 'takeoff'. This landing-takeoff asymmetry has been thought to be a consequence of the force-velocity relation of the muscle, resulting in a greater force exerted during stretching after landing and a lower force developed during shortenin...

Entry, descent and landing (EDL) is probably the most difficult risky phase of a human mission to Mars. Whatever EDL systems for Mars, qualification might be very difficult, expensive risks could still high, especially first missions. Risks nevertheless mitigated if backup options existed during final EDL. If an important problem encountered last minutes velocity lower than Mach 3, possible opt...

1. The house fly shows landing reaction to an expanding visual stimulus or to a decrement of the environmental light level. The quantitative relationship between the dependence of landing reaction on expansion and on light level decrement is analyzed. 2. The different properties of the reactions at different light levels may be correlated with the two visual systems in Diptera and may be explai...