We study the multicasting problem for additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) networks with both point-to-point and multiple-access links. The recent discovery of network coding has shown that routing is suboptimal for networks of point-topoint channels: messages must be mixed at intermediate nodes. We showed in earlier work that if a network includes multipleaccess channels (MACs) then converting...

Automated separation assurance systems are being developed to reduce controller workload and increase airspace capacity of the National Airspace System (NAS). To evaluate these systems, a measure for conflict risk is required. The objective of this analysis is to estimate the rate at which flights enter a course of potential conflict or collision under different traffic loads. Conflict rates ar...

Multialkylated cyclopentanes (MACs), a class of synthetic hydrocarbon fluid have attracted intensive interest as possible space lubricants due to a series of unique physical and chemical properties. Here, we used graphene with high mechanical strength and chemical inertness as lubricant additive to explore its potential for space application. The effects of space irradiation on graphene and the...

Background: Super-paramagnetic annexin-V conjugated micro-beads are able to eliminate sperm with phosphatidylserine externalization (PSE). PSE is considered as apoptotic sperm. PES positive sperm can be removed from sperm preparations sample to enhance sperm quality for assisted medical procreation. Therefore, the efficiency of this technique over normal sperm processing procedure such as densi...

The ability to rapidly and accurately sort multiple types of biological targets-such as molecules, viruses, bacteria or mammalian cells-from complex sample mixtures is an essential component for a wide range of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. However, most current selection methods for cell separation are either limited with regard to throughput, as is the case for Fluorescence Assisted ...

OBJECTIVE We investigated the activation of caspases 8, 9, 1, and 3 in human ejaculated spermatozoa to study main pathways of apoptosis. Potential functional impact of this phenomenon and possible activation mechanisms were examined by [1] subjecting cells to freezing and thawing, and [2] testing the dependence of caspase activity on membrane integrity. DESIGN Experimental study. SETTING An...

This paper presents the natural language interface for an agent-based system, called MACS (Multi-Agent Contracting System). The MACS system is designed to provide advice in the pre-award phase of a defense contract. The original version of MACS allowed the users to query using only a list of predetermined keywords using pulldown menus. The second version of MACS incorporated a natural language ...

Magnetic cell sorting (MACS) using annexin V-conjugated microbeads eliminates apoptotic spermatozoa based on the externalization of phosphatidylserine residues. The procedure delivers two sperm fractions: annexin V-negative (nonapoptotic) and annexin V-positive (apoptotic). Our aim was to determine whether the sperm fertilizing potential can be improved by selecting a nonapoptotic fraction usin...

Bacterial surface peptide display has gained popularity as a method of affinity reagent generation for a wide variety of applications ranging from drug discovery to pathogen detection. In order to isolate the bacterial clones that express peptides with high affinities to the target molecule, multiple rounds of manual magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS) followed by multiple rounds of fluoresc...