geospatial information system (gis) has emerged as a very powerful tool for capturing, storing, analyzing, managing, and presenting data that is linked to location. the location information, which is usually obtained from existing maps or the global positioning systems (gps), refers to different coordinate and map projection systems. therefore, unification of the coordinate and mapping systems ...

For visually handicapped people virtual learning environments are a chance to participate in scientific education, because they can access the written content. However mathematical expressions rendered as raster graphics are not accessible to them. MathML, the web-standard for mathematical notation, provides the possibility to describe mathematical expressions in a textual form. However, it is ...

In this paper, we establish new exact solutions for some complex nonlinear wave equations. The B"{a}cklund transformation method of Riccati equation is used to construct exact solutions of the Hamiltonian amplitude equation and the coupled Higgs field equation. This method presents a wide applicability to handling nonlinear wave equations. These equations play a very important role in mathemati...

Affine transformation preserves the original shapeof an object, therefore it is a very important aspect in computer graphics. This paper presents a technique, how to apply reflections transformation in a mathematical Cartesian coordinates for Java students.