   be obtained as [5] Thus, the vol a surface roughness is δ=3S . ume fraction can he effective roughness height (δ) in terms of the average T to represent the physical surface roughness of the homogeneous pyramid roughness profile he equivalent three surface roughness. T -dimensional as the parameter to characterize the surface profilometer, , which can be measured easily using 3D a average...

Surface quality including surface roughness and edge chipping is a key process measure in micro ultrasonic machining (Micro-USM) as an efficient process for micromachining of hard and brittle materials. Process parameters such as ultrasonic vibration amplitude, static load, type of tool material, type and size of abrasive particles and slurry concentration can influence the surface quality. How...

Surface quality including surface roughness and edge chipping is a key process measure in micro ultrasonic machining (Micro-USM) as an efficient process for micromachining of hard and brittle materials. Process parameters such as ultrasonic vibration amplitude, static load, type of tool material, type and size of abrasive particles and slurry concentration can influence the surface quality. How...

This paper discusses the fabrication of microfluidic channels using micro end milling and micro electrical discharge (ED) milling on metals and polymers. The width of the microchannels fabricated by micro end milling was 100-800 μm with 1-2 aspect ratio. The average surface roughness values were 100-200 nm and 80-120 nm on metals and polymers respectively. The end milling was found to form more...

magnetic abrasive finishing (maf) is a micromachining process that uses magnetic field and magnetic abrasive particles to conduct the mechanism of material removal in micro-nanometer scales. in this paper, by an experimental method and statistical analysis, the effects of parameters like working gap, work-piece rotational speed and material removal mechanism (injection of abrasive slurry of al2...

Lagrangian stochastic models applicable to the prediction of particle deposition onto hydraulically smooth surfaces are extended to account for the effects of surface roughness. Within the modelling approach, roughness elements are treated as mass ‘sinks’ volumetrically distributed within the flows. The extreme sensitivity of the deposition of micron and sub-micron sized particles to the micro-...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the in vitro changes on the enamel surface after a micro-abrasion treatment promoted by different products. MATERIAL AND METHODS Fifty (50) fragments of bovine enamel (15 mm × 5 mm) were randomly assigned to five groups (n=10) according to the product utilized: G1 (control)= silicone polisher (TDV), G2= 37% phosphoric acid (3M/ESPE) + pumice stone (SS White), G3= Micropo...

ABSTRACT: The interface between granular bodies and structures is analysed with the finite element method and a micro-polar hypoplastic constitutive model. Shearing of an infinite long and narrow granular strip between two walls of different roughness under conditions of free dilatancy and constant vertical pressure is investigated. The constitutive model can reproduce the essential features of...

Sidewall roughness measurement is becoming increasingly important in the micro-electromechanical systems and nanoelectronics devices. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is an emerging technique for sidewall scanning and roughness measurement due to its high resolution, three-dimensional imaging capability and high accuracy. We report an AFM sidewall imaging method with a quartz tuning fork (QTF) for...