the present experiment was conducted to determine nutritional values of wild pistachio trees (p. khinjuk) leaves it's use it in the diet of sheep. initially chemical composition of p. khinjuk leaf was determined. the diets containing 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30% of p. khinjuk leaf were prepared and used for sheep to determine the best replacement level of it with corn silage. fermentation ...

Expansion of the biodiesel industry has increased the crude glycerin (CG) supply. Crude glycerin has the potential of replacing corn in ruminant diets because the glycerol can be converted to glucose in the liver of ruminants, providing energy for cellular metabolism. The objective was to evaluate the effects of CG with urea, soybean meal, cottonseed meal, and corn gluten feed, respectively, on...

two experiments were conducted to evaluate the crude protein fractionation, in vitro gas production and the biological effects of tannins in alfalfa silage treated with different levels of pistachio by-products (pb) extract. pb was soaked in water with a ratio of 1:5 (w/v) for 12 h. after filtering and concentrating, the crude extract was added to fresh alfalfa to a final concentration of 1%, 2...

animal agricultural production systems are major sources of nonpoint pollution affecting quality of water sources. nitrogen has been identified as the foremost source of nonpoint water pollution  and the potential negative impacts of n have become an area of public concern. protein degradation from feed ingredients is an important factorinfluencing aa supply to the duodenum. ruminal proteolysis...

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the crude protein fractionation, in vitro gas production and the biological effects of tannins in alfalfa silage treated with different levels of pistachio by-products (PB) extract. PB was soaked in water with a ratio of 1:5 (w/v) for 12 h. After filtering and concentrating, the crude extract was added to fresh alfalfa to a final concentration of 1%, 2...

Microbial protein synthesis of steers (liveweight 286±9 kg) was compared with diets of ad libitum winter grass and fodder beet with 1 kg DM of lucerne silage. The experimental design was a four-by-two treatment comparison (experiment 1 and 2), using 11 day individual pen trials with total faecal and urinary collection. The trials assessed in vivo digestibility of diets, and diurnal variations i...

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of rain tree pod meal with palm oil supplementation on feed intake, digestibility, microbial protein synthesis and microbial populations in dairy cows. Four, multiparous early-lactation Holstein-Friesian crossbred (75%) lactating dairy cows with an initial body weight (BW) of 405±40 kg and 36±8 DIM were randomly assigned to receive dietary...

Abbreviations: ADF, acid detergent fibre; ADG, average daily gain; CP, crude protein; CT, condensed tannins; DCP, digestible crude prot digestible energy; DM, dry matter; DOM, digestible organic matter; FCR, feed conversion ratio; LW, live weight; ME, metabolizable energ microbial protein synthesis; NDF, neutral detergent fibre; OM, organic matter; OMDR, organic matter digested in the rumen; VF...

Depending on the species, edible insects are highly nutritious and thus represent a noteworthy alternative food and feed source. The current work investigates the protein extractability and techno-functionality of insect flour fractions recovered from Tenebrio molitor and Hermetia illucens. T. molitor and H. illucens flours contained about 20% crude fat and 60% and 36 % crude protein, respectiv...