a Rotman School of Management and Department of Economics, University of Toronto, 105 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3E6, Canada b Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR), 180 Dundas Street West, Suite 1400, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1Z8, Canada c NBER, 1050 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambrigde, MA, 02138-5398, USA d Department of Economics, Michigan State University, Marshall-Adams H...

The purpose of this paper is to investigate acoustic characteristics which distinguish ejectives from pulmonic stops in Ingush (a Northeast Caucasian language), and to compare Ingush ejectives to those of other languages. The articulation of ejectives is relatively well understood, but their acoustic effects are less clear. Working with a native speaker of Ingush, ejectives and pulmonic voicele...

Studies investigating fertility decline in developing countries often adopt measures of determinants of fertility behavior developed based on observations from developed countries, without adapting them to the realities of the study setting. As a result, their findings are usually invalid, anomalous or statistically non-significant. This commentary draws on the research article by Moeeni and co...

The available type material of Phlebotominae (Diptera, Psychodidae) deposited in the "Coleção de Flebotomíneos" of the Instituto Evandro Chagas (ColFleb IEC) is now presented in an annotated catalogue comprising a total of 121 type specimens belonging to 12 species as follow: Nyssomyia richardwardi (2 female paratypes), Nyssomyia shawi (9 male and 25 female paratypes), Nyssomyia umbratilis (fem...

This document presents MPEG-4 Animation Framework eXtension (AFX), a recent amendment to the MPEG-4 Systems specification. AFX defines high-level geometry, texture, volume, and animation components for enhanced interactive multimedia applications.

We describe a novel depth image-based representation (DIBR) that has been adopted into MPEG-4 Animation Framework eXtension (AFX). The idea of this approach is to build a compact representation of a 3D object or scene without storing the geometry information in traditional polygonal form. The main formats of the DIBR family are SimpleTexture (an image together with depth array), PointTexture (a...

In the present paper a geospatial analysis is performed to understand the meandering behaviour of Barak River in southern Assam between 1988 and 2010. Landsat images (with Thematic mapper and Enhanced thematic mapper-plus sensors) for years 1988, 1999, and 2010 are considered for the study. River Barak within the study area is digitized as polygons for three years and sinuosity index (SI) are c...

Mediterranean fluvial environments have responded sensitively to past changes in climate, physiographic conditions and human activity. Chronosequences of river terraces and alluvial deposits were established using morphologic, sedimentological and pedologic criteria, Cand Pb-dating techniques, historical data and pottery fragments. The objective of this study addresses the fluvial dynamic of se...

studies investigating fertility decline in developing countries often adopt measures of determinants of fertility behavior developed based on observations from developed countries, without adapting them to the realities of the study setting. as a result, their findings are usually invalid, anomalous or statistically non-significant. this commentary draws on the research article by moeeni and co...

Contrasting effects of temperature and winter mixing on the seasonal and inter-annual variability of the carbonate system in the Northeast Atlantic Ocean C. Dumousseaud, E. P. Achterberg, T. Tyrrell, A. Charalampopoulou, U. Schuster, M. Hartman, and D. J. Hydes National Oceanography Centre, University of Southampton, European Way, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, UK School of Environmental Science, Unive...