In a competitive marketplace, the effectiveness of any element of the marketing mix is determined not only by its absolute value, but also by its relative value with respect to the competition. For example, the effectiveness of a price cut in increasing demand is critically related to competitors’ reaction to the price change. Managers therefore need to know the nature of competitive interactio...

This paper characterizes a new industrial organization framework for analyzing ecosystem formation and competition by recognizing the Schumpeterian force of creative destruction. Economists’ profit maximization is replaced Welfare Enhancing (WEF)as more pragmatic realistic characterization reality. Consumers are not fish in ocean waiting to be preyed upon; they have free choice broad lifestyle ...

A central part of the ‘‘new empirical industrial organization’’ has been the study of market power in homogenous-product industries. This paper discusses extension of these methods to differentiated-products industries. The requirements for identification of conjectural variation parameters are shown to be hard to satisfy in practice. An alternative menu-approach is discussed.  1998 Elsevier S...

This paper is a revised version of a keynote address delivered at the inaugural International Industrial Organization Conference in Boston, April 2003. I argue that new econometric tools have facilitated the estimation of models with realistic theoretical underpinnings, and because of this, have made empirical I.O. much more useful. The tools solve computational problems thereby allowing us to ...

The analysis and definition of markets, their structure, and concentration, especially for international comparisons, are complicated by a lack of adequate and comparable data. This is particularly so for multi-product and multinational firms. For instance, the U.S. Department of Commerce reports measures of industry concentration which do not embody either the control of subsidiary firms or th...

The emerging field of corporate demography views corporations and industries in a similar way to human or animal individuals and groups. In spite of a surprisingly large overlap of subject matter with economics, corporate demography is not well-known by, nor easily accessible to economists. An extremely useful recent book, The Demography of Corporations and Industries, by Glenn R. Carroll and M...