The oral absorption of amino acids, small peptides and their analogs has been studied in rats using single pass intestinal perfusion, The experimental data was analyzed using a modified boundary layer method permitting the calculation of intrinsic membrane absorption parameters. Cefatrizine, L-Dopa, cu-methyldopa, and L-PHE demonstrated concentration dependent absorption. Furthermore, the absor...

On May 19, 2016, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) hosted a public workshop, entitled "Mechanistic Oral Absorption Modeling and Simulation for Formulation Development and Bioequivalence Evaluation." The topic of mechanistic oral absorption modeling, which is one of the major applications of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling and simulation, focuses on predicting oral ...

The present study was conducted to identify any potential interaction between oral cimetidine and clarithromycin. Twelve healthy subjects were administered single doses of clarithromycin alone and with oral cimetidine dosed to steady state. Cimetidine prolonged the absorption of clarithromycin, as evidenced by decreased peak concentrations of both clarithromycin and 14-OH-clarithromycin (14OHC)...

Oral absorption of compounds depends on many physiological, physiochemical and formulation factors. Two important properties that govern oral absorption are in vitro permeability and solubility, which are commonly used as indicators of human intestinal absorption. Despite this, the nature and exact characteristics of the relationship between these parameters are not well understood. In this stu...

Absorption of drugs through the oral cavity was noted as early as 1847 and systemic studies of oral cavity absorption were first reported in 1935 [1]. Since then, substantial effort has been focused on drug absorption from a drug delivery system in a particular region of the oral cavity [2-5]. As a site for drug delivery, the oral cavity offers many advantages over other routes of drug administ...

Most marketed drugs are administered orally, despite the complex process of oral absorption that is difficult to predict. Oral bioavailability is dependent on the interplay between many processes that are dependent on both compound and physiological properties. Because of this complexity, computational oral physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models have emerged as a tool to integrate ...

conclusions levothyroxine absorption testing over 2 hours may offer a more rapid alternative to the commonly used longer protocols to rule out malabsorption. scheduling a levothyroxine absorption test may induce some patients to start adhering to levothyroxine therapy. patients and methods serum levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (tsh), ft4, and free triiodothyronine (ft3) were drawn at 0, 6...

The objective of this investigation was to differentiate the roles of P-glycoprotein (Pgp), multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (Mrp2), and CYP3A on saquinavir (SQV) oral absorption. With use of single-pass jejunal perfusion (in situ) and portal vein-cannulated rats (in vivo), SQV absorption was studied under chemical inhibition of Pgp [N-(4-[2-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6,7-dimethoxy-2 isoquino...

Vigabatrin is an antiepileptic drug substance mainly used in pediatric treatment of infantile spasms. The main source of nutrition for infants is breast milk and/or infant formula. Our hypothesis was that infant formula may affect the intestinal absorption of vigabatrin. The aim was therefore to investigate the potential effect of coadministration of infant formula with vigabatrin on the oral a...