Mastering vocabulary knowledge has always been a major concern for language learners (Nation, 2002). The present research mainly concerned with the impression comparing the performance of Iranian bilingual EFL students with monolingual groups by means of the treatment of the etymology of unknown English words upon their vocabulary retention. The ongoing research aimed at exploring the significa...

The purpose of this study was to examine Cook’s (2003) ‘multiple competence’ by investigating backward pragmatic transfer (from L2 [English] to L1 [Persian]) in refusals to invitations. It explored participants’ frequency and content of refusal strategies in L1 regarding the status (i.e., power and distance) of interlocutors and the proficiency level of EFL learners. The participants were Persi...

metadiscourse markers help writers make coherent and reader- friendly texts, thus of considerable importance in academic writing. the main aim of this study was to investigate how interactive and interactional metadiscourse markers are used by iranian efl learners. an inquiry was carried out to investigate cross-cultural similarities and differences in the use of metadiscourse markers in the di...

investigating transfer of one’s pragmatic knowledge of first language to his second or foreign language has been one of the areas of interest for researchers. however, there are contradictory results even within the scarce studies which have addressed transferability. this study was an attempt to investigate perceived pragmatic transferability of l1 refusal strategies by persian efl learners. s...

English main-clause wh-questions form complementiser phrases with wh-words preposed to spec-C position. This is because English wh-words, as verb-complements originally, are strong enough to trigger wh-movement and auxiliary inversion. Persian EFL learners encounter an over-differentiation problem regarding the acquisition of auxiliary inversion rule in English standard questions. Once they hav...

Investigating transfer of one’s pragmatic knowledge of first language to his second or foreign language has been one of the areas of interest for researchers. However, there are contradictory results even within the scarce studies which have addressed transferability. This study was an attempt to investigate perceived pragmatic transferability of L1 refusal strategies by Persian EFL learners. S...

abstract the role of efl lecturers’ first language (l1) in the efl courses has been an ongoing debate. a monolingual approach to efl suggests that the use of the target language solely in foreign language (fl) classroom improves learning of the target language. accordingly, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the attitude of iranian lecturers and efl learners towards using l1 as...

This study addresses the acquisition of the morphological markers in Persian learners of English as a foreign language. To this end, the accuracy order of nine morphemes including plural –s, progressive –ing, copula be, auxiliary be, irregular past tense, regular past tense –ed, third person –s, possessive -ʼs and indefinite articles was studied in 6...