The sizes and shapes (physiognomy) of fossil leaves are widely applied as proxies for paleoclimatic and paleoecological variables. However, significant improvements to leaf-margin analysis, used for nearly a century to reconstruct mean annual temperature (MAT), have been elusive; also, relationships between physiognomy and many leaf ecological variables have not been quantified. Using the recen...

This paper presents the Dominant Species-Physiognomy-Ecological (DSPE) classification system developed for large-scale differentiation of plant ecological communities from high-spatial resolution remote sensing images. In this system, are defined with inference dominant species, physiognomy, and shared settings by incorporating multiple strata. The DSPE was implemented in a cool-temperate clima...

In this paper, we created random facial expressions for the Mechadroid Type C3, a robot equipped with a high degree-of-freedom facial expression mechanism and which is intended to serve a receptionist function. Investigating the morphological characteristics and physiognomy features of these facial expressions, we evaluated what personality characteristics could be expressed by the face of the ...

Floras of predominantly wet-soil environments show a greater than expected proportion of toothed leaves, affecting the outcome of leaf physiognomically based temperature estimates. New analyses of foliar physiognomy of plants growing in predominantly wet soils in modern forests suggest that current methods of inferring paleotemperatures from fossil floras yield underestimates of 2.5-10 degrees ...