In this work, we attempt a quantitative estimation of the type IV rupture stress for welds in ferritic power plant steels containing 9–12 wt. % chromium, using a neural network in a Bayesian framework. This article describes the methodology that was used in creating and evaluating the neural network model. The sensitivity of the rupture stress to the test conditions, the composition of the stee...

This study aimed to apply the Taguchi optimization technique to determine the process conditions for producing synthetic lightweight aggregate (LWA) by incorporating tile grinding sludge powder with reservoir sediments. An orthogonal array L16(4⁵) was adopted, which consisted of five controllable four-level factors (i.e., sludge content, preheat temperature, preheat time, sintering temperature,...

Abstract A flamelet-based approach that accounts for turbulence-chemistry interaction has been formulated to simulate NOx formation in turbulent lean premixed combustion. In the simulations, the species NO is transported and solved with the chemical source term being modelled through its formation in flame fronts and its formation rate in post-flame regions. The flame-front NO and post-flame NO...

Direct-drive implosions with 20-microm-thick glass shells were conducted on the Omega Laser Facility to test the performance of high-Z glass ablators for direct-drive, inertial confinement fusion. The x-ray signal caused by hot electrons generated by two-plasmon-decay instability was reduced by more than approximately 40x and hot-electron temperature by approximately 2x in the glass compared to...

This paper examines five different models of electron thermal transport in laser produced spherical implosions. These are classical, classical with a flux limit f , delocalization, beam deposition model, and Fokker-Planck solutions. In small targets, the results are strongly dependent of f for flux limit models, with small f ’s generating very steep temperature gradients. Delocalization models ...

Type IV cracking refers to the premature failure of a welded joint due to an enhanced rate of creep void formation in the fine grained or intercritically annealed heat affected zone. A great deal of research effort has been directed at understanding the underlying mechanisms for this type of failure, but most have approached the problem from a metallurgical standpoint, and comparatively little ...

Flux limitation and preheat are important processes in electron transport occurring in laser produced plasmas. The proper calculation of both of these has been a subject receiving much attention over the entire lifetime of the laser fusion project. Where nonlocal transport (instead of simple single flux limit) has been modeled, it has always been with what we denote the equivalent diffusion sol...