Background: Primordial follicle includes an oocyte surrounded by a layer of somatic cells called granulosa cells (GCs). GCs, also known as nurse cells, are an important protective element for the growth and survival of oocytes. Oocytes, which lack some of the metabolic processes required granulosa cells for their development. Objective: This manuscript has been provided to explain the protocol...

introduction: the purpose of this study was to cultivate bone marrow cells from two different mouse strains (nmri and balb/c) and to examine them in terms of expression of ten surface antigens from primary culture to passage 3. material and methods: 6-8 weeks old either nmri or balb/c mice were sacrificed and their bone marrows were harvested and cultivated .two weeks after culture initiation, ...

Background: In vitro model studies are becoming increasingly popular for experimental research designs. They include isolation and expansion of cells of a particular tissue, such as the nervous tissue which contributes to understanding the underlying mechanisms in many pathologies. It enables  the scrutinization of intracellular signaling pathways responsible for cell death. OBJECTIVES: In the ...

The culture of chondrocytes is one of the most powerful tool for exploring the intracellular and molecular features of chondrocyte differentiation and activation. However, chondrocytes tend to dedifferentiate to fibroblasts when they are subcultured, which is a major problem. This chapter describes several protocols for culturing chondrocytes of different anatomical origins (articular and costa...