The most important causes of bridge failure are local scour. In this study, laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate the effectiveness of slot as a protection device in reduction of depth of scour at cylindrical piers under clear water flow conditions. The development time of scour depth at the circular pier with and without a slot as a protection device was conducted. The experimen...

The paper analyzes the IEC 61850 object models of multifunctional distribution protection IEDs. The functional hierarchy, protection and non-protection functions are described. A single logical device and multiple logical device models are presented.

This paper presents a novel bipolar junction transistor (BJT) based electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection device. This protection device was designed for 20V power clamps and fabricated by a process with Bipolar-CMOS-DMOS (BCD) 0.18μm. The current-voltage characteristics of this protection device was verified by the transmission line pulse (TLP) system and the DC BV characteristic was verifi...

A novel early streamer emission (ESE) lightning air terminal system is designed and fabricated. By comparing the intercepted artificial lightning striking numbers of the new ESE lightning protection device and the conventional lightning rod (CLR) lightning protection device in laboratory, the effectiveness of intercepting the artificial lightning strokes by the new ESE lightning protection devi...

PURPOSE Since we reported about a landmark technique to reopen an occluded subclavian artery, we have faced difficulty in using protection devices in the vertebral artery to protect against thromboembolism from the reversed steal phenomenon after angioplasty and stenting. Therefore, we are presenting an optimal solution in using a protection device while recanalizing the occluded subclavian art...

A design model to find the optimized device dimensions and layout spacings on the input ESD clamp devices is developed in this work to keep the total input capacitance almost constant, even if the analog signal has a varying input voltage. An analog ESD protection circuit has been designed to solve ESD protection challenge on the analog pins for highfrequency applications. The device dimension ...