introduction pulmonary vein stenosis includes narrowing of one or more pulmonary veins that may have congenital or acquired causes. congenital pulmonary vein stenosis is a rare condition and also a rare cause for pulmonary hypertension. since identifying the etiology of pulmonary hypertension plays a crucial role in medical and surgical planning, we decided to introduce a rare case of pulmonary...

abstract   objective: to evaluate the surgical treatment of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (tapvc) and determination of predictors for postoperative death. methods: between 1995 and 2005, 80 patients aged from 1 month to 12 years underwent surgical repair for supracardiac (39), cardiac (34), infracardiac (3) or mixed (4) type of tapvc. systemic pulmonary hypertension (ph) in 53.8% ...

background: vitamin d (vit d) is linked to various conditions including musculoskeletal, metabolic and   cardiopulmonary diseases. however, it is not clear whether correction of vit d deficiency exerts any beneficial effect in patients with pulmonary hypertension. methods: this study was a prospective uncontrolled longitudinal study. patients with pulmonary hypertension and vit d deficiency wer...

chylothorax in adult occurs most commonly in the wake of cardiac and thoracic procedures. injuries to the  common thoracic duct in the thorax or its branches in the mediastinum, injuries to the thymus tissues, dissection of the superior vena cava or ascending aorta, dissection of the aortic arch, disruption of the accessory lymphatics in the left or right thorax, and increased pressure in the s...

Cardiac disease is the main cause of death in both forms of thalassemia; thalassemia major (TM) and thalassemia intermedia (TI). Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is one of the cardiopulmonary morbidities with high mortality that, if not treated, may trigger right-sided heart failure and premature death. PH is defined as a mean pulmonary artery pressure of ≥25 mmHg at rest or ≥30 mmHg during exercise...

pulmonary arterial hypertension (pha) is a frequent complication of congenital heart disease (chd), most commonly in systemic-to-pulmonary shunt lesions. in patients with an uncorrected left-to right shunt, pah will end up to eisenmenger’s syndrome, which is contraindication of surgery. what about patients with moderate to severe pah, who do not have criteria of eisenmenger’s syndrome; immediat...

conclusions ipah is associated with subclinical hypothyroidism and low patient functional capacity, and is more common in rv failure. results in this research, 84.8% of the participants were women. the mean pap was 51.6 mmhg (31-87) and mean thyroid stimulating hormone (tsh) level was 4.2 miu/ml (0.7 - 10). subclinical hypothyroidism was detected in 26 patients (49.1%). there were significant c...