Construction projects become complicated and fragmented so that many specialty contractors are involved. In such changed environments, a general contractor’s overhead costs are increasing comparable to direct costs. In addition to an increase of volume, activities consisting of overhead costs play an important role in coordinating different participants who include different specialty contracto...

current practices in railway track analysis and design are reviewed and discussed in this paper. the mechanical behavior of railway track structure comprising of various components has not been fully understood due to the railway track structural complexity. although there have been some improvements in the accuracy of current track design methods in recent decades, there are still considerable...

Times of downturn in economy, tough competition, high costs, and large amounts of capital required for replacements have created growing need for cost cutting measures and for seeking better return on investment. This has also placed an increasing emphasis on maintenance practices to extend the service life of existing railroad bridges. This paper outlines the various factors which playa role i...

As a general rule, most performance analysts are confident in fundamental relationships like one plus one equals two. Unfortunately, this time proven relationship is a gross over estimation of the actual capacity delivered by a dual or multiprocessor configurations. In this paper, we will present a simple conceptual model of multiprocessor performance and provide a generalized first order resul...

We present a Work Stealing scheduling algorithm that provably avoids most synchronization overheads by keeping processors’ deques entirely private default and only exposing work when requested thieves. This is the first paper obtains bounds on are (essentially) independent of total amount work, thus corresponding to great improvement, in both design theory, over state-of-the-art algorithms. Con...

the main design criteria of ballasted railway tracks include rail deflections, rail bending stresses, rail wheel contact stresses, sleeper bending moments and ballast sleeper contact pressures. numerous criteria have been defined for the design of ballasted railway tracks owing to the various mechanical properties of track components and their complex interaction. therefore, railway track desig...