Patterns of gene expression are under precise spatial and temporal control. A particularly striking example is represented by several members of the zig gene family, which code for secreted immunoglobulin domain proteins required for maintaining ventral nerve cord organization in Caenorhabditis elegans. These genes are coordinately expressed in a single interneuron in the ventral nerve cord, kn...

Synaptic maintenance is essential for neural circuit function. In the C. elegans locomotor circuit, motor neurons are in direct contact with the epidermis. Here, we reveal a novel epidermal-neuronal interaction mediated by a two-immunoglobulin domain transmembrane protein, ZIG-10, that is necessary for maintaining cholinergic synapse density. ZIG-10 is localized at the cell surface of epidermis...

on-farm experiments were designed to investigate the response of maize establishment and grain yield to variation in tillage systems. the tillage treatments included arara ploughing followed by zig-zag harrowing and arara ridging (t1); emcot ploughing fol-lowed by zig-zag harrowing and emcot ridging (t2); mouldboard ploughing followed by disc harrowing and mouldboard ridging (t3); disc ploughin...

Gravitropism in Arabidopsis shoots depends on the sedimentation of amyloplasts in the endodermis, and a complex interplay between the vacuole and F-actin. Gravity response is inhibited in zigzag-1 (zig-1), a mutant allele of VTI11, which encodes a SNARE protein involved in vacuole fusion. zig-1 seedlings have fragmented vacuoles that fuse after treatment with wortmannin, an inhibitor of phospha...

In this paper, we study the statistics of zig-zag transition walls in digital magnetic recording and their relationship to transition noise defining quantities. We provide analytic results that link the statistics of zig-zag transitions to media/recording parameters. The basis of our study is the triangle zig-zag transition (TZ-ZT) model due to its well-defined triangle zig-zag shape and its cr...

We explore the consequences of imposing Polyakov’s zig/zag-invariance in the search for a confining string. We first find that the requirement of zig/zaginvariance seems to be incompatible with spacetime supersymmetry. We then try to find zig/zag-invariant string backgrounds on which to implement the minimal-area prescription for the calculation of Wilson loops considering different possibiliti...

The cause for wide variations in the zig-zag defect density in SSFLC devices using the same alignment layer material is investigated. In this paper, we show how the topography of the surface layer due to imperfect coating techniques and materials promotes the formation of zig-zag defects. We show that if the alignment surface slope is greater than the pretilt, high densities of zig-zag defects ...